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Composition of Matter

This text explains the different types of matter, including pure substances, elements, compounds, mixtures, and colloids. It also discusses the properties and characteristics of each type of matter.

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Composition of Matter

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  1. Composition of Matter Physical Science Ms. Pollock 2008-2009

  2. Pure Substances • Every material has its own properties. • Properties can be used to identify a material. • Pure substance – type of matter with fixed composition • Element or compound • Helium, aluminum, water, salt

  3. Elements • All atoms in substance with same identity • About 92 naturally occurring • Over 20 lab-created • Organized in periodic table

  4. Compounds • Substance in which two or more atoms are combined in a fixed proportion • Cannot be separated by physical means – must be chemical • Look different from component elements

  5. Mixtures • Material made of two or more substances that can easily be separated by physical means • Homogeneous – different materials not easily distinguished • Heterogeneous – different materials easily distinguished

  6. Heterogeneous Mixtures • Different materials easily identified • Granite, concrete, dry soup mix • Most everyday substances

  7. Homogeneous Mixtures • Two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended evenly throughout • Vinegar, soft drink (without visible ice)

  8. Colloids • Type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in solutions but not heavy enough to settle out • Gelatin, paint, water • Distinguished by Tyndall effect – light scattered by colloids

  9. Suspensions • Heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle • Muddy pond water, river delta

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