Muhammad (pbuh) and al-Saadiq (a.s.) Pictorial

1. Muhammad (pbuh) and al-Saadiq (a.s.)Pictorial By A.S. Hashim. MD

15. Same Birthday:The Prophet (pbuh) and Imam Al-Saadiq (a.s.)

18. Chain of Quoting Hadith and other Information The Golden Chain of Narration

19. The Institute of Ahlul Bayt • Al-Saadiq: The Greatest Personality the 2nd Islamic Century Produced • 4000 Scholars tutored • The 400 Books of Usool • Abu Hanifa and Malik ibn Anas • Quranic Sciences and Tafseer • Hadith and Ah’kaam • Theological Logic, Philosophy, and other subjects

20. To seek Al-Saadiq’s knowledge, people hailed from:

21. The Institute: The Students • Students became Muj’tahid مجتهد , many formed their own School of Thought (Madh’habs): • Abu Hanifa • Anas Ibn Malik • Sufyan Al-Thawri • Ibn Uyai’na • Al-Awza’i • Some of these Schools of Thought survived till today, other perished after 1-3 centuries, for lack of government support

22. The Institute: The Students • The core were Shi’a,close, devotees, special • They were the Special who wrote books, led discussions, argued, activists • These were the activists who even trained in the method to argue and present their point of view • Majority were not Shi'a, they were Aammah (general public): • Some were scholarly whose teachings later formed Madh’habs, such as Abu Hanifa and Malik • Others attended just to learn

23. Al-Maaliki about Al-Saadiq

24. Training in the Art of Argument • Often Al‑Saadiq formed groups to train in the art of argument.  • Many of his students became famous and known for their convincing ways, such as: Hisham, Sufyan Al-Thauri, Ibn U'yainah, and Mu'min Al‑Taaq • Disputes often rose between different scholars, and Imam Al‑Saadiq was the referee.  • These scholars came from far away countries to study at the hands of Al-Saadiq • Some did it to show off, especially the Atheists (Zandeeqs). (Example:  Ibn Muqaf'fa and Ibn Aw'jaa.)  • It is to the credit of Al‑Saadiq and his scholarly students that they were quite successful in steering many of these errant people back to authentic Islam.

25. The Institute at its Zenith • During Al-Saadiq’s time, 4,000 Scholars attended his Discourses. • These Scholars wrote 400 books • The 400 books were written during his life and afterwards, up to 200H. • The graph shows growth pattern

26. Of the 4,000 Al-Saadiq’s Students: • Ibn Uqda إبن عقده and Najm Al-Deenin his book Al-Mu’tabar : المعتبر • Names the 4,000 student-scholars who attended the institute • Book (Al-Mu’tabar) was written at end of 2nd Century H • Ibn Uqda was Shafi’i • Sahih Bukhari quotes 70 of Al-Saadiq’s student-scholars • Al-Sihaah Al-Sittah quote 300 of Al-Saadiq’s student-scholars • Names of these students are in Book Al-Ghadeer, by Amini

27. Al-Saadiq argued with men of Ideologies

28. Subjects Taught • The Quran and its Tafseer • Fiqh and Jurisprudence • Science of Hadith • Philosophy • Science of Kalaam (Theological Logic) • Chemistry • Biology • The study of Arabic Language • Seerah of the Prophet • encouraged his students to write and author books for the benefit of others

29. Books written by Al-Saadiq’s Students • 400 books were written • Called the Usool Al-Arba’mi’a الأصول الأربعمائه • Written during Al-Saadiq’s lifetime and throughout 50 years afterwards, up to 200H. • Were the basis of Shi’a Hadith Collections Kaafi, الكافي Man La Yah’dhrhu al-Faqeeh من لا يحضره الفقيه. Tah'dheeb Al-Ah'kaam تهذيب الأحكام Istib’sar الإستبصار , • After Mongol invasion of Baghdad, we assume most of these books were destroyed • Students like Hisham هشام wrote more than 20 books, and so did Ibn Taaq إبن الطاق

30. (Al-Saadiq and the four Madh'habs, Asad Haidar, Vol. 2, Page 401.)Students of Al-Saadiq wrote

42. Some Sayings of Al-Saadiq As some people show ingratitude for Allah's graces, Allah may change the graces into crises. As other people show steadfastness against misfortunes that inflict them, Allah changes the misfortunes into graces. A good believer is whose sexual appetite does not overcome him and whose stomach does not shame him. A twenty-year friendship is kinship. Favors should be done only to the highborn or the religious. Those who show gratitude are very few.

43. Some Sayings of Al-Saadiq • The (Faithful) believer should enjoy eight characters; • he should be venerable in shaky situations, • steadfast against misfortunes, • thankful in luxury, • satisfied with Allah’s bounty to him, • avoid oppressing the enemies, • avoid over-tasking the associates, • should fatigue his body, and • make people feel glad with him.

44. Some Sayings of Al-Saadiq • Islam is a definite rank. Faith is one rank higher than Islam. Conviction is one rank higher than faith. People have been given a rank lower than conviction. • He who gains oppression is not gaining welfare. He who mistreats people should not complain when people mistreat him. • A Muslim always has three characteristics: • knowledge about the religion, • good management of life, and • perseverance in the face of disasters.

45. Some Sayings of Al-Saadiq When asked about eloquence Imam al-Saadiq answered: Eloquence is to express the idea in few words. The eloquent person is the one who attains his goal in a straightforward way. Treat your fathers reverently so that your sons will treat you reverently. Keep yourselves away from the strange women so that your women will be chaste. Shake hands, because this will confiscate malice.

46. Picture of Al-Baqii Before & After 1925

47. Ziyarah of the Imams in Baqi’i • السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَئِمَّةَ الْهُدَى السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ التَّقْوَى‏ • السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَيُّهَا الْحُجَجُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا • السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَيُّهَا الْقُوَّامُ فِي الْبَرِيَّةِ بِالْقِسْطِالسَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الصَّفْوَةِ • السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ آلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ • السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ النَّجْوَى‏ • أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكُمْ قَدْ بَلَّغْتُمْ وَنَصَحْتُمْ وَصَبَرْتُمْ فِي ذَاتِ اللَّهِ وَكُذِّبْتُمْ وَأُسِي‏ءَ إِلَيْكُمْ فَغَفَرْتُمْ‏…..

48. Finally Let us Read Surah al-Asr Together

49. Be in Allah’s Care Thank you and May God Bless you. Dr. A.S. Hashim