1 / 18

Oxidation of fatty acids (ketogenesis)

Oxidation of fatty acids (ketogenesis). Oxidation of fatty acid on the β carbon atom is called the β oxidation It has three different stages Activation of fatty acids in cytosol Transport of fatty acid into mitochondria Β oxidation proper in the mitochondrial matrix.

seoras
Download Presentation

Oxidation of fatty acids (ketogenesis)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Oxidation of fatty acids (ketogenesis) • Oxidation of fatty acid on the β carbon atom is called the β oxidation • It has three different stages • Activation of fatty acids in cytosol • Transport of fatty acid into mitochondria • Β oxidation proper in the mitochondrial matrix

  2. Breakdown of TriacylglycerolsIn the adipose tissue, lipases are activated by hormone signaled phosphorylation

  3. Transport into Mitochondrial Matrix Carnitine carries long-chain activated fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix

  4. β oxidation proper • Each cycle of β oxidation liberates two carbon unit acetyl CoA in a sequence of four reactions • Oxidation: by producing FADH2 • Hydration: by utilizing H2O • Oxidation: by producing NADH • Cleavage: liberation of acetyl CoA

  5. Energetic of palmitic acid oxidation • β oxidation 7 cycles: 7 NADH & 7 FADH2 • 7 NADH = 7 × 3 = 21 ATP • 7 FADH2 = 7 × 2 = 14 ATP • From 8 acetyl CoA = 8 ×12= 96 ATP • Total --------------- = 131 ATP • 2 ATP utilized in activation -2 ATP • Net production of ATP -------- = 129 ATP

  6. Ketone Bodies • During starvation or diabetes, OAA is used to make glucose • Fatty acids are used to make ketone bodies (acetone, acetoacetate & β-hydroxybutyrate) • Ketone bodiesare formed from Acetyl–CoA after fatty acid oxidation

  7. Ketone bodies are produced in case of starvation and type 1 diabetes mellitus • Ketone bodies are not produced in case of type 2 diabetes mellitus • The main reason is the inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase by glucagon in absence of insulin hormone

  8. Ketone Bodies as a Fuel Source • The liver is the major source of ketone bodies. • It is transported in the blood to other tissues • Acetoacetate in the tissues • Acetoacetate is first activated to acetoacetate by transferring the CoASH from succinyl–CoA. • It is then split into two Acetyl–CoA by a thiolase reaction

More Related