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Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct and Indirect Speech. Defintion. Direct Speech Refers to reproducing another person’s exact words. Quotation marks are used. Indirect Speech

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Direct and Indirect Speech

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  1. Direct and Indirect Speech

  2. Defintion • Direct Speech Refers to reproducing another person’s exact words. Quotation marks are used. • Indirect Speech Refers to reproducing the idea of another person’s words. Not all of the exact words are used: verb forms and pronouns may change. Quotation marks are not used.

  3. The changes that need to be from Direct to Indirect Speech 1.        To be & Auxiliary Verbs Direct Indirect Am/is/are- was/were Shall/will - should/would Can- could May - might Must Have/has to - had to Ought to

  4. 2.        Time & Place (keterangan waktu & tempat) Direct Indirect Now - then Tomorrow - the following day next week - the following week tonight - that night today - that day yesterday - the day before last night - the night before last week - the week before,                                 the precious week here - there this - that these - those 

  5. 3.        Tenses Direct                                        Indirect Simple present - simple past Present continous - past continous Present perfect - past perfect Present Perfect Continuous -Past Perfect Continuous Simple Past - Past Pefect Past Continuous - Past Perfect Continuous Simple future - past future

  6. Patterns Direct and Indirect Speech Direct Indirect Simple Present Tenses» Simple Past Tenses +: S + V1(s,es) + o/cS + V2 + o/c - : S + Do/Does + V1 + o/cS + Did + Not + V1 + o/c ? : Do/Does + S + V1 + o/cDid + S + V1 + o/c

  7. Types and Examples I.         STATEMENT -   Father said “I am going out of town tomorrow” -   Father said that he was going out of town the following day. II.      COMMAND 1.      Positive Command to + infinitive -  Mary told me “Stop talking to Jane” -  Mary told me to stop talking to Jane. 2.      Negative Command not + to -  Mothers asked John “Don’t smoke too much” -  Mother asked John not to smoke too much.

  8. III.   QUESTION Positive Form -  John asked Mary : “Why do you get angry with me ?” -  John asked Mary why she got angry with him. Yes & No Question form used if, whethe -  Mary asked me : “Did you she John at the party the night before. -  Mary asked me whether I had seen John at the party the night before. IV.   REPORTED SPEECH / MIXED TYPE used as - She asked me :”What is the time ?”, my watch has stopped. - She asked me what the time was as her watch had stopped.

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