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5 Themes of Geography

Explore the five themes of geography - location, place, movement, region, and human-environment interaction - and learn how geographers study features on Earth. Discover the unique characteristics of different places, understand how people, goods, and ideas are moved from place to place, and examine the relationship between humans and the environment.

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5 Themes of Geography

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  1. 5 Themes of Geography Social Studies

  2. What Are The Five Themes? • Tools geographer’s use to study features on earth. • Location • Place • Movement • Region • Human Environment Interaction

  3. Location • Answers the question: • Where are we?

  4. Location • Describes where places are at on earth. • Types of Location: • ABSOLUTE:exact location on earth, doesn’t change (fixed) • Latitude/Longitude • Hemispheres • Grid System • Address • RELATIVE:compared to other places, changes dependent upon where you’re comparing it to (variable) • Miles • Distance • Direction

  5. Absolute Location • A latitude and longitude (global location) or street address (local location). • Examples: • Rome is located at 41 N, 12 E. • Argentina is located in the southern hemisphere. • The White House is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Ave.

  6. Relative Location • Described by landmarks, time, direction or distance. From one place to another. • Examples: • Rome is located near the Mediterranean Sea. • Argentina is near Brazil. • Ecuador is south of Mexico. • Lincoln is 50 miles from Omaha.

  7. Place • Answers the question: • What is it like there, what kind of place is it?

  8. Place • A place is defined by it’s unique characteristics. • Physical Characteristics • Landforms (mountains, rivers, etc.), climate, vegetation, wildlife, soil, etc. • Human Characteristics • The main languages, customs, and beliefs. • How many people live, work, and visit a place.

  9. Physical Characteristics • The way a place looks. • Created by nature. • Mountains • Rivers, Lakes, Seas • Climate • Vegetation • Examples: • Andes Mountains are in South America. • Amazon River flows through Brazil. • Pampas are located in Argentina.

  10. Human Characteristics • Peoples activities change the way a place looks or is represented. • Man-made or invented. • Language • Unique buildings • Religious Practices • Celebrations/traditions/holidays • Examples: • Portuguese is the official language of Brazil. • Many Mexicans are Catholic. • Mayan ruins are located in Mexico. • Cinco de Mayo is a national holiday in Mexico.

  11. Movement • Answers the question: • How are people, goods, ideas moved from place to place?

  12. Movement • Places do not exist in isolation. • Human Movement • Trucks, Trains, Planes • Information Movement • Phones, computer (email), mail • Idea Movement • How do fads move from place to place? • TV, Radio, Magazines, Internet

  13. Movement • Examples • Immigration from Latin America to US (human) • War in Iraq (troops, supplies, ideas, people) • Instagram, Twitter, Periscope, Facebook (ideas) • Email (information)

  14. Region • Answers the question: • How are regions similar to and different from other places?

  15. Region • The world is divided into different regions based upon similarities & differences. • Climate • Location • Beliefs • Languages • Ethnicity/Race • Types: • Formal • Functional • Perceptual

  16. Formal Region • Region defined by governmental or administrative boundaries. • States, Counties, Cities • Region defined by similar characteristics (physical or cultural) • Location, Climate, Religion, Language • Examples • Latin America (Spanish-speaking nations) • Tropics(countries located near equator)

  17. Functional Region • Regions defined by a function. • Distributes goods/people • Serves specific purpose • Examples: • News paper service area • Cell phone coverage area

  18. Perceptual Region • Groups of areas that provoke a certain stereotype or feeling. • Examples: • The Bronx • The “ghetto” • The South • Middle East • Applachian

  19. Human Environment Interaction • Answers the question: • How do humans and the environment affect each other?

  20. Human Environment Interaction • The environment & people are interconnected • We depend on it. • People depend on the Tennessee River for water and transportation. • We modify it. • People modify our environment by heating and cooling buildings for comfort. • We adapt to it. • We adapt to the environment by wearing clothing suitable for summer (shorts) and winter (coats), rain and shine.

  21. Human Environment Interaction • Consequences to those actions depend upon how people choose to interact with the world and use their resources. • Positive/Negative Interactions • Intentional/Accidental Interactions • Favorable/Destructive Interactions

  22. Human Environment Interaction • Current Environmental Issues: • Climate Change (global warming) • Energy Resources • Water Conservation • Deforestation

  23. Your Assignment • “What does each theme look like?” • Use the graphic organizer to visually represent each of the fives themes of geography. • You may ONLY use words to label each circle. • Your picture should clearly describe the theme. • Be creative, and thoughtful.

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