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Understanding DNA Structure and Function

Learn about the function of DNA, the relationship between monomers and polymers, and the structural components of DNA nucleotides. Explore different forms of DNA and their names. Understand genes and the importance of tightly-wound chromatin. Practice vocabulary related to DNA structures and prepare for a quiz.

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Understanding DNA Structure and Function

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  1. WARM UP – Thurs. 1/17 objective I can create a visual representation of DNA nucleotides to understand how its parts are structurally related. do now answer (HINT: Use book!!): • Describe the function of DNA. • How are monomers and polymers related? Think back to polymer beads. (Book p. 38-39) • What is the monomer for DNA? (Book p. 38-39)

  2. WARM UP – Thursday 1/17 homework -Organize binders!! -Study for mitosis quiz – Will be tomorrow, 1/18 -Finish Eukaryotic Cell & Cancer (p. 7) – Due tomorrow 1/18 by end of day agenda -Finish CER from yesterday -Groups: DNA Puzzle Pieces (p. 10)

  3. Roles: Managers, Reader, Technician, and Document Control! GROUPS: Exploring DNA Structures! (p. 10)

  4. WARM UP – Friday 1/18 objective I can compare the different forms of DNA. do now answer (HINT: Use binder p. 10): • List the 4 different nitrogen bases. (full names, not abbreviations!) • What are the three components of a nucleotide? EITHER ANSWER…. • Why is a nucleotide considered the monomer of DNA? OR… • Hypothesize: When a DNA mutation occurs, which part of the nucleotide do you believe is affected? Why?

  5. WARM UP – Friday 1/18 homework -Turn in p. 7 by 2:55 pm TODAY -Organizebinders! agenda -Finish/Debrief Groupwork -Mitosis quiz -Notes: The Many Forms of DNA (p. 11)

  6. The Many Forms of DNA CopyBLUE on Page 11

  7. –––––– Chromatin DNA can form many structures, and they all have different names!

  8. Analogy: DNA –Hair A different style A different style A different style A different style

  9. –––––– Chromatin Chromosomes are just one form of DNA! Double Helix  DNA Chromatin  DNA Chromosome  DNA Chromatid  DNA Gene  DNA

  10. Note on Chromosomes (Histones) • NOTE: Chromosomes are often shown in an “X” shape, but this is only after DNA replication.

  11. Gene for a hair color protein Gene for an eye color protein So then… What is a gene?

  12. Human Chromosome #20

  13. Back of Page 11 Do you get it? What are you still stuck with?

  14. WARM UP – Tuesday 1/22 objective copy: I can practice my understanding of DNA structures and related vocabulary. do now answer (Use p. 11): • How does a nucleotide relate to a DNA double helix? HINT: Think about size • Define a gene as you know it to be. Think of how it is used in everyday life! ANSWER EITHER… 3. Infer: Why does the human body need DNA to be tightly wound into chromatin? OR… 3. If a DNA sequence is ATTGG and its complementary sequence is TAACC, infer the meaning of the term ‘complementary sequence’.

  15. WARM UP – Tuesday 1/22 homework -Finish flashcard Set #1 – Due Friday 1/25 -Organize binders!! agenda - Cell cycle quiz: Grades/next steps - Finish/Review p. 11 - Vocab Set 1 - Review WS: DNA Structure (p.?)

  16. Vocabulary Set #1 WORD LIST: Double Helix Nucleotide Gene Base-Pair Rule Chromosome Chromatin Use notes/book CHALLENGING WORD LIST (opportunity for additional credit) Antiparallel Deoxyribose Gene expression Nucleoside Pyrimidine Purine Use notes/book/Internet

  17. Back of Page 11

  18. Back of Page 11  Smallest Unit Largest Unit 

  19. WARM UP – Wed. 1/23 objective copy: I can demonstrate in writing my understanding of DNA structure and function. do now answer: • If one strand of DNA is T T T A C C G, what is its complementary strand? • Which is larger: Gene or Chromosome? Explain how you know. • If you had the opportunity to get told if you have a high likelihood of getting a genetically-linked disease, would you want to know? Why or why not?

  20. WARM UP – Wed. 1/23 homework -Organize Binders!!! -DNA vocab cards – Due @ START OF CLASS FRI 1/25 -Cell cycle quiz retake (if relevant to you) – Will be start of class Fri. 1/25 agenda -Work from yesterday - Pass back cell cycle quizzes - Next step: - Quiz 7/10 or higher: Book p. XX? Extension? - Quiz 6/10 or lower: Cell cycle tutorial. Then see activity above -Work time: DNA vocab cards

  21. Homework Grading • A = Advanced, 100% • P = Proficient, 90% • D = Developing, 75% • B = Beginning, 65%

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