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CLIMATOLOGY OF CHINA

CLIMATOLOGY OF CHINA. AUTUMN. CLIMATOLOGY OF CHINA. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION SEASONS TRANSIENT DISTURBANCES PRECIPITATION AVIATION WEATHER HAZARDS. CHINA – TERRAIN MAP. CHINA – POLITICAL (INTERNAL). NE CHINA. MONGOLIAN BORDERLANDS. NORTHWEST. NORTH CHINA. TAR. SOUTH CHINA.

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CLIMATOLOGY OF CHINA

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  1. CLIMATOLOGY OF CHINA AUTUMN

  2. CLIMATOLOGY OF CHINA • GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION • SEASONS • TRANSIENT DISTURBANCES • PRECIPITATION • AVIATION WEATHER HAZARDS

  3. CHINA – TERRAIN MAP

  4. CHINA – POLITICAL (INTERNAL) NE CHINA MONGOLIAN BORDERLANDS NORTHWEST NORTH CHINA TAR SOUTH CHINA

  5. SEASONS OF CHINA • WINTER - DEC - FEB • SPRING - MAR - MAY • SUMMER - JUN - AUG • AUTUMN - SEP – NOV • "MAI-YU" - APR - JUNE • "CRACHIN" - FEB - APR

  6. DURATION OF THE SEASONS (MONTHS)

  7. AUTUMN • A PERIOD OF FINE AND COMFORTABLE WEATHER • CRISP AIR, BRIGHT SUNSHINE AND GENTLE BREEZES • HIGH TEMPERATURES PERSIST IN SEP • THIS HOT AND UNCOMFORTABLE WEATHER IS KNOWN AS TIGER WEATHER • OCCASIONALLY PROLONGED RAINS OVER LOWER YANGTZE RIVER, UNDER INFLUENCE OF FREQUENT TYPHOONS AND TROPICAL DEPRESSIONS

  8. NORTH EAST MONSOON • ATTRIBUTED TO COLD AIR AND HIGH PRESSURE AREA OVER ASIAN CONTINENT • HOT WX REPLACED BY MILD CONDITIONS • WINDS TURNING FROM SW –SE’LIES TO NE-N’LIES • CAN AFFECT TROPICAL CYCLONES OVER SOUTH CHINA SEA • IF NE MONSOON MEETS WARM & MOIST AIR OF TROPICAL CYCLONES, WINDY AND RAILNY WX FOLLOWS, CALLED “WET COLD DEW WIND” IN MAINLAND CHINA • INTERVAL BETWEEN TWO WCDW IS 6-8 DAYS

  9. DISTURBANCES TROUGH IN WESTERLIES EXTRA TROPICAL CYCLONES & ANTICYCLONES TYPHOONS

  10. TROUGHS IN THE WESTERLIES • MOST OF THE AREA STAYS UNDER WESTERLY WIND REGIME • TROUGHS AND RIDGES WITH VARYING AMPLITUDE MOVE ACROSS CHINA • AVERAGE SPEED OF PROPAGATION 10-15O LONGITUDE PER DAY • ENHANCE RAINFALL IN THE NORTH AND AT TIMES TO THE CENTRAL PARTS OF CHINA

  11. EXTRA TROPICAL CYCLONES & ANTICYCLONES • MAXIMUM INTENSITY IN JUNE. • PATHS COVER UP TO CENTRAL CHINA IN WINTERS • THE EXTRA TROPICAL ANTICYCLONES ORIGINATE IN SIBERIA AND MONGOLIA DURING WINTERS (CRACHIN) • GENERAL DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT E-SE WARDS

  12. TYPHOONS • FROM CHINESE WORD ‘TEI FUNG’ MEANING ‘BIG WIND’ • INTENSE TROPICAL STORMS, ORIGINATE IN NW PACIFIC, MAXIMUM 4-6 PER MONTH, DURING JULY TO OCTOBER • PRACTICALLY NIL TYPHOONS FORM BETWEEN DECEMBER TO APRIL • ASSOCIATED WITH STRONG WINDS AND HEAVY RAINFALL IN SOUTHEAST AND NORTH CHINA. ACCOUNTS FOR > 50% OF ANNUAL RAINFALL IN THE COASTAL REGIONS • DOES NOT PERSIST FOR MORE THAN 500 KM INLAND FROM THE COAST

  13. TYPHOON STATISTICS

  14. TYPHOON STATISTICS ON AVERAGE 8-10 TYPHOONS IN A YEAR WITH MAX PROBABILITY IN JULY

  15. PRECIPITATION

  16. ANNUAL VARIATION

  17. CHINA – RIVER BASINS > 50 MM QIN LING, HUAIHE 750 MM YANGTSE 1000 -1500 MM TAIWAN, HAINAN ISLAND, GUANGDONG 1750 -2000MM

  18. CHINA – TEMPERATURE

  19. AVIATION WEATHER HAZARDS

  20. DUST STORMS • MOST FAVOURABLE AREAS : PLAINS OF NORTH CHINA AND SOUTH MANCHURIA • THE MAIN SEASON OF OCCURRENCE IS FROM MARCH TO MAY AND JULY TO SEPTEMBER • MOST FAVOURABLE SITUATION IS PASSAGE OF THE FRONTS • THE MOST LIKELY TIME OF OCCURRENCE IS NOON TO EVENING

  21. FOG • ADVECTION FOG IS COMMON IN SUMMERS, RADIATION TYPE IN WINTERS • MAXIMUM AT NIGHT, STAYS TILL AROUND 0700 H IN THE MORNING. IN JAN, PERSISTS TILL NOON OVER LAND AREAS. • THE FAVOURABLE AREAS : SOUTH CHINA HILLS AND SICHUAN BASIN. (186 DAYS PER YEAR) • FREQUENCY OF <5 DAYS OVER QINGHAI-XIZANG AND XINJIANG • FREQUENCY OF 5- 25 DAYS PER YEAR OVER COASTAL REGIONS

  22. THUNDERSTORM • MOST FAVOURABLE REGIONS ARE HAINAN AND LUICHOW PENINSULA WITH FREQUENCY 90-100 PER YEAR DURING MAR-SEP • FREQUENCY DECREASES TO ABOUT 10 NE-WARDS TO HEILUNGKIANG • FREQUENCY 30 DAYS OVER SOUTHERN PROVINCES • FREQUENCY ABOUT 5 IN THE DESERTS AND 20 IN THE HILLS

  23. HAIL • OCCURS JUST ONCE OR TWICE PER YEAR OVER YUNNAN (SOUTH CHINA), OTHERWISE PRACTICALLY UNKNOWN IN THE PLAINS • 4-5 HAILSTORMS PER YEAR OVER THE NORTH CHINA PLAINS AT ALTITUDE MORE THAN 1000 M • ATLEAST 6 HAILSTORMS PER YEAR OVER KANSU IN NORTHWEST CHINA • AT LEAST 5-7 HAILSTORMS PER YEAR OVER SHENSI (NORTH CHINA)

  24. CONCLUSION

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