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Fighting Begins in the North

Fighting Begins in the North. Lexington and Concord. News spreads quickly 10,000-15,000 militia rushed towards Boston. Second Continental Congress. Convenes in Philadelphia on June 10, 1775. Did not convene with the idea that they were going to split with England The fighting Spread.

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Fighting Begins in the North

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  1. Fighting Begins in the North

  2. Lexington and Concord • News spreads quickly • 10,000-15,000 militia rushed towards Boston

  3. Second Continental Congress • Convenes in Philadelphia on June 10, 1775. • Did not convene with the idea that they were going to split with England • The fighting Spread

  4. Olive Branch Petition • A petition sent to King George III. • Declared loyalty to the King • Asked him to repeal Intolerable Acts

  5. King George Reacts • He thinks the colonists want to create independent empire • Orders 20,000 more troops to region

  6. http://www.history.com/topics/capture-of-fort-ticonderoga/videos#american-revolutionhttp://www.history.com/topics/capture-of-fort-ticonderoga/videos#american-revolution

  7. Green Mountain Boys • Leader Ethan Allen…(yes the furniture guy) really a blacksmith…led a group from Vermont

  8. Ethan Allen

  9. LEADS AN ATTACK ON FORT TICONDEROGA

  10. Fort Ticonderoga • Green Mountain Boys overpower guard on duty • They rush to room where British commander is and Ethan Allen says “Come out you old rat!”

  11. When asked by whose authority, he answers “In the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress!”

  12. What they win… • Supply of cannons and gunpowder • Control of a key route into Canada.

  13. Continental Army Forms • Congress forms Continental Army in June • Washington becomes commander • He takes off for Boston

  14. P’s Advantages • Many owned rifles and were good shots • Good commanders like George Washington • Determined to fight to defend their homes and property

  15. British Advantages • Highly trained, experienced troops • Best Navy in the World • Many colonists supported British

  16. P’s Disadvantages • Colonists poorly organized and untrained • Few Cannons and little gunpowder • No navy • Few colonists willing to leave home militias and join Continental Army.

  17. British Disadvantages • Armies 3,000 miles from home • News and supplies took months to come from Britain • British soldiers risked attacks outside cities.

  18. Loyalists • Colonists who remained loyal to Britain • Included wealthy merchants and former officials of Royal government

  19. Loyalists • Some farmers and craftworkers also loyalists. • Mostly from middle and South

  20. Loyalists • Tarred and feathered by P’s • Many fled to Canada, England, or to British controlled cities • When they fled, they would lose their homes, farms, and stores

  21. Fight for Boston Battle of Bunker Hill

  22. Boston • During the first year, 6000 British troops were located in Boston. • Colonists surrounded the city, wouldn’t let them out

  23. Battle of Bunker Hill • On June 16, 1775, Colonel William Prescott led 1,200 minutemen up Bunker Hill across river from Boston. • Reason: They could fire at British ships in Boston Harbor.

  24. Breed’s Hill • Prescott notices nearby Breed’s Hill is better so he sends troops there • British General William Howe sees the Americans at sunrise.

  25. Breed’s Hill • He ferries 2400 redcoats to attack rebels positions. • As British approached, Patriots held their fire • When they finally fired, the British were first to retreat.

  26. British Win • The strategy of the Americans, because they were low on gun powder was not to fire “until you see the whites of their eyes.” • After the third try, the British take Breed’s Hill and Bunker Hill.

  27. Their high price for victory • More than 1000 Redcoats were dead or wounded. • Americans numbered 400 dead or wounded.

  28. RESULTS • Battle of Bunker Hill first major battle of Revolutionary War • American proved they could fight bravely. • British proved they would not be defeated easily.

  29. George Washington Arrives • Arrives in Boston a few weeks after battle of Bunker Hill. • He quickly turns raw recruits into an army. • Soldiers from different colonies mistrusted one another but Washington won loyalty of his troops

  30. Cannons Arrive • In January 1776, the cannons arrive from Fort Ticonderoga. • Washington places them in plain site overlooking Boston Harbor.

  31. British Depart • General Howe moves his troops and 1,000 loyalists from Boston to Halifax, Canada in March.

  32. BLOCKADE • King George III ordered a blockade of all colonial ports. • The King uses mercenaries, or troops for hire, from Germany to help fight the colonists. They are called Hessians

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