Motivation

1. “Bridging Length Scales in Deforming Single and Textured Polycrystals of Structural Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys (MSMAs)”I. Karaman and D. C. Lagoudas, Texas A&M University, DMR- 0244126 Motivation Experimental Results • Engineer the compositions and microstructure of selected FeNiCo and CoNi(Al,Ga) alloys to obtain MSMAs with high saturation magnetization and magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy. • Investigate magneto-thermo-mechanical behavior of selected MSMAs in single and textured polycrystalline forms to reveal the governing mechanisms. • Fabricate textured polycrystals utilizing consolidation under magnetic field • Develop a thermodynamically sound model that will consider hysteresis effects, texture and the coupling temperature, stress and magnetic field effects on MSM. • Tools Development of compositions that resulted in wide temperature range in which pseudoelasticity observed (-100 C to 200 C), high strength and up to 5 % recoverable shape change, very low thermal and stress hysteresis as compared to NiTi, and magnetic field induced strain as high as 5%. Modeling Results • Constitutive model based on Gibbs free energy expression which includes magnetic energy terms and dissipative effects introduced through internal state variables, which are physically motivated by magnetic and crystallographic microstructure • Numerical predictions of reorientation strain-magnetic field-hysteresis curves for different applied stress values in NiMnGa Powder consolidation using Equal Channel Angular Extrusion under magnetic field In-house built magneto thermo mechanical testing set-up

2. “Bridging Length Scales in Deforming Single and Textured Polycrystals of Structural Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys (MSMAs)”I. Karaman and D. C. Lagoudas, Texas A&M University, DMR- 0244126 Broad Impact • One of the undergraduate students (Joseph Mather) is currently a PhD student at UIUC. A conference paper is presented together with undergraduate students • Two graduate students attended international conferences and one visited UP to work with German graduate students • Close collaboration with Harmony Science Academy (HSA) (K-12 charter school with 60% hispanic and 20% African-American student body). • Five middle and high school students (two female, two hispanic, one african-american, one asian-american) prepared science projects and got several awards. • Shape memory alloys have been incorporated into an art class by Ms. Alcorn of HSA. • Publication of four manuscripts (Scripta Materialia,Vol. 51, 261-266 (2004), Scripta Materialia, Vol. 49, 831-838 (2003), one submitted to Philosophical Magazine A, Smart Structures and Materials 2004 Conference Proceedings). • Collaboration with Prof. Hans J. Maier of University of Paderborn, Germany and Prof. Yuriy I. Chumlyakov and Dr. I. Kireeva of Siberian Physical-Technical Institute, Russia. Mutual visits between collaborators. • Collaboration with Dr. Yang Ren of Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. One graduate and one undergraduate student will visit ANL in November. • Undergraduate student exchange program between University of Paderborn (UP), Germany and Texas A&M University. • Education • Three graduate (one female) and six undergraduate (two female, one asian-american) students were involved in this work. Collaboration with High Schools Taylor Towns (K-9) conducting experiments on Smart Springs Tiffany Tiemann (junior UG) is conducting DSC experiments on CoNiGa alloys Alexander Galit (K-9) is with his poster on “Smart Materials Never Forget”

3. Collaboration with High Schools “Bridging Length Scales in Deforming Single and Textured Polycrystals of Structural Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys (MSMAs)”I. Karaman and D. C. Lagoudas, Texas A&M University, DMR- 0244126