The Sentence: Subject, Predicate, Kinds of Sentences

1. The Sentence: Subject, Predicate, Kinds of Sentences Chapter 1

2. The Sentence • A sentence is a word or word group that contains a subject and a verb andexpresses a complete thought • Example: The baseball team won the championship. • A sentence fragment is a group of words that looks like a sentence but does not contain both a subject and a verb • Does not express a complete thought • Example: After they won the championship. • A sentence consists of two parts: subject and predicate

3. Subject • Tells whom or what the sentence is about • Example: The pitcher struck out the batter. • Example: The fans cheered for the team. • To find the subject ask who or what is doing something or whom or what is being talked about • Who struck out the batter? The pitcher • The Pitcher is the subject • Who cheered for the team? The fans • The fans are the subject • The subject may come at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence

4. Simple Subject • The main word or word group that tells whom or what the sentence is about • Example: The nine determined players never gave up. • Simple subject is players • May consist of one or several words • Example: The Chicago Bears have started pre-season games. • Simple subject is The Chicago Bears, since it is the name of the team • Usually proper nouns

5. Complete Subject • Consists of all the words that tell whom or what the sentence is about • Example: The nine determined players never gave up. • Complete subject: The nine determined players • Complete subject is the subject and all the words that describe the subject • To find the simple subject, eliminate words until the sentence does not make sense anymore

6. The Predicate • Tells something about the subject • Example: The player ran. • Predicate: ran

7. Simple Predicate • The main word or word group that tells something about the subject • Usually the verb • Example: The batter swung the bat. • Simple predicate: swung

8. Complete Predicate • Consists of a verb and all the words that describe the verb and complete its meaning • Example: The batter swung the bat. • Complete predicate: swung the bat

9. The Verb Phrase • Verbs that include one or more helping verbs • Some simple predicates, or verbs, consist of more than one word called verb phrases • Example: The team is winning the game. • Verb Phrase: is winning

10. Compound Subject • Consists of two or more subjects that are joined by a conjunction • Common conjunctions used are: and, or • Example: Konerko and Beckham hit a homerun. • Compound subject: Konerko and Beckham

11. Compound Verb • Consists of two or more verbs that are joined by a conjunction and that have the same subject • Common conjunctions used are: and, or, but • Example: The team played well but lost the game anyway. • Compound verb: played, lost

12. Kinds of Sentences • Declarative – makes a statement and ends with a period • Example: Robin Ventura is the manager of the Sox. • Imperative – gives a command or makes a request, most end with a period but can end with an exclamation point • Example: Run to first base. • Example: Stop!

13. Kinds of Sentences Continued • Interrogative – asks a question and ends with a question mark • When was the last time the Cubs won the World Series? • Exclamatory – shows excitement or expresses strong feeling and ends with an exclamation point • The White Sox win the World Series!