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Connecting Medical Devices to Cell Phones

This project explores the potential of connecting medical devices, such as stethoscopes and electrocardiograms, to cell phones for capturing and transmitting health data. The results show promising opportunities for integrating these devices with smartphones to improve healthcare.

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Connecting Medical Devices to Cell Phones

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  1. Connecting Medical Devices to Cell Phones Mentor: Prof. K. Mani Chandy Co-Mentor: Dr. Julian Bunn By: Victor Chu & Aleksander Palatnik October 2009

  2. Agenda • Who Supported Us • Modern Medicine • Stethoscope • Electrocardiogram • Objectives • Platform • Stethoscope & Results • Electrocardiogram & Results • Future Plans • Acknowledgments & References

  3. Who • Infospheres Group • Sense and Respond • Prof. K Mani Chandy • Projects include: • Virtual Environments for Radiation Detection • The Event Driven Web • Personal Monitors • Dr. Julian Bunn • Prof. Chanhuei Yang

  4. Modern Medicine • Expensive Devices • Spirometer • Device: $10 - $500+ • Echocardiograms (Ultrasound) • Procedure + Interpretation: $250 - $600 • Electrocardiogram • Device: $300 - $1500 • Procedure + Interpretation: $30 - $60 • Stethoscope • Device: $1 - $300 • Procedure + Interpretation: $45 - $80 • Preliminary Screening

  5. Stethoscope • Auscultation • Measurement and interpretation of • heart sounds • A bell with a diaphragm amplifies the audio produced by blood moving within the heart • 1-3Hz signal from heart beat • Higher frequencies from turbulence (Murmurs)

  6. Electrocardiogram • Transthoracic interpretation of electrical activity of the heart • Multiple Leads – Can be 3, 5, 12, etc. • High Pass Filter 1 Hz • Low Pass Filter 40 Hz

  7. Objective • Connecting Medical Devices to Cell phones • Cell phones are ubiquitous • Powerful processors • Ability to transmit data • Stethoscope • Inexpensive and simple device • Can indicate many heart problems • Electrocardiogram • Relatively inexpensive platform • Extremely valuable diagnostic tool

  8. Platform • G1 Google Android phone (HTC Dream) • Developer’s Edition • Java • Android Emulator • Samsung SGH-A737 • Testing Purposes

  9. Stethoscope Connections • Littman Stethoscope • $50 - $300 • Budget Stethoscope • $1 - $5 • 3M Poster Strips • Used to create a seal between • stethoscope and microphone • Strip of foam with adhesive • on both sides

  10. Stethoscope Results • Stethoscope Recording • Performed several recordings using a built-in laptop microphone with the Audacity program • Applied noise-reduction, amplification • Low-cost stethoscope: • Littmann stethoscope:

  11. Stethoscope Results • Peak-finding algorithm • Time-domain only • Based on Envelope • Peak determination by variable thresholding • Median Filter • Looking between peaks yields murmur level • Functional up to medium-severity murmur

  12. Electrocardiogram Connections • Passive Analog Circuit • 9 Volt Battery Power Source • 400x amplification • Analog output

  13. Electrocardiogram Connections • 3 Leads • Body • 2 Signal • Pre–1984 Pennies + Lotion • Copper • Q-Trace Electrodes

  14. Electrocardiogram Results Laptop Results Audacity High Pass Filter 1 Hertz, Low Pass Filter 40 Hertz

  15. Electrocardiogram Results Waves identifiable P, Q, R, S components visible T Wave not visible

  16. Future Plans • Develop software for stethoscope System • Migrate code to cellular phone system • Improve artifact resistance • Improve pathology detection • Develop better hardware for ECG system • Stabilize system • Implement more efficient designs • Minimize costs

  17. Acknowledgements • Prof. K. Mani Chandy • Dr. Julian Bunn • Dr. Danny Petrasek • Prof. Al Barr • Prof. Chanhuei Yang • Surf Office

  18. Thank You and Have a good summer! Victor Chu Aleks Palatnik

  19. References [1] "Spirometry." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 14 Sep 2009, 13:30 UTC. 14 Sep 2009 <http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spirometry&oldid=313847691>. [2] "Angiography." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 24 Sep 2009, 23:14 UTC. 24 Sep 2009 <http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Angiography&oldid=316017407>. [3] Cardiac electrophysiology. (2009, September 24). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 01:40, September 24, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cardiac_electrophysiology&oldid=315827127 [4] "Stethoscope." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 20 Sep 2009, 20:36 UTC. 20 Sep 2009 <http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stethoscope&oldid=315161008>.\ [5] "Aortic aneurysm." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 14 Sep 2009, 23:17 UTC. 14 Sep 2009 <http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aortic_aneurysm&oldid=313989527>. [6] "The Stethoscope - Essential Medical Equipment." Information and Advice for Medical Students: Stethoscope. 24 Sep 2009 <http://www.davidgregory.org/medical/stethoscope.htm>.

  20. References [7] "The Ultimate Acoustic Stethoscope Review." The Consumer Magazine For Doctors. 24 Sep 2009 <http://www.forusdocs.com/reviews/Acoustic_Stethoscope_Review.htm> . [8] "Electrocardiography." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 24 Sep 2009, 14:21 UTC. 24 Sep 2009 <http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electrocardiography&oldid=315919139>. [9] "Homemade Electrocardiograph." Homemade Electrocardiograph. 24 Sep 2009<http://www.eng.utah.edu/~jnguyen/ecg/ecg_index.html> . [10] “Cost of Services” Harvard Pilgrim Health Care. 16 Oct 2009. 16 Oct 2009 <https://www.harvardpilgrim.org/portal/page?_pageid=253,192924&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL> [11] “EKG Machines” Medical Device Depot Inc. 16 Oct 2009. 16 Oct 2009 <http://www.medicaldevicedepot.com/EKG-Machines-s/70.htm>

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