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Module Three Mood Disorders

Module Three Mood Disorders. Lesson 1 : What is disorder and how it is manifested (3 training hours ) Lesson 2: What are the causes of Depression (2 training hours ) Lesson 3: Which is the treatment of Depression (2 training hours ) Lesson 4: What is Bipolar Disorder

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Module Three Mood Disorders

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  1. Module ThreeMood Disorders • Lesson 1:What is disorder and how it is manifested(3 training hours) • Lesson2: What are the causes of Depression (2 training hours) • Lesson3: Which is the treatment of Depression (2 training hours) • Lesson4: What is Bipolar Disorder (2 training hours) • Lesson5: Which is the therapeutical treatment of Bipolar Disorder (2 training hours) • TOTAL TIME 11 TRAINING HOURS OF 45 MINUTES

  2. Lesson 1 WHAT IS DEPRESSION AND HOW IT IS MANIFESTED TIME: 135minutes(3training hours of 45 minutes)

  3. Step 1: Introduction (10΄) • The emotion of sadness is a common experience of all people. • Depression is mental disorder, where the normal emotion of sadness has over passed the usual limits of sadness. • This disorder is extremely common. One in ten people is attacked by it in any time of his life and one in five will experience it some time during his life. • Women are more prone to suffer Depression than men. • It can often lead to suicide.

  4. Step 2: Brainstorming(15΄) How does it feel and what is the behavior of a person that suffers from Depression?

  5. Step 3: Slide Projection(20΄) Slide 3.1.1: Symptoms of Depression • Emotion of intense sadness that does not subside • Lack of pleasure • Tendency to avoid other people. • uneasiness and anxiety • Irritability • Difficulties to sleep (insomnia) • Very early waking up • Anorexia and weight loss (some times the opposite) • Decrease of sexual desire • Sense of fatigue and lack of energy.

  6. Step 3 (continued) • Difficulty to accomplish his everyday tasks. • Difficulty to take major or minor decisions • Loss of interest • Thoughts of committing suicide • Guilt • Difficulties in paying attention and in concentration • Loss of self – esteem • Psychotic symptoms (aberrant depressive ideas, delusions) • Physical disturbances

  7. Step 4:Exercise (45΄) Paper and pen Describe in brief a personal experience that field you sadness or disappointment.

  8. Step 5:Exercise and discussion(25΄) Many times bad mood and sadness cannot be expressed through words to others, but through no verbal ways. Find a way to express your sadness to others without using words.

  9. Step 6: Theory Presentation(10΄) Verbal and no verbal communication Communication between people is usually made through exchange of verbal messages. This requires: • Listening and paying attention, • Understanding of the content, • Knowledge of the language structure (grammar and syntaxes), • Creating new sentences, • Using common vocabulary with others, • Remembering, • Thinking, • Putting his thoughts in words, • Following social rules, as for example when to answer and in what way so that the answer responds to the question.

  10. Step 6 (continued) Verbal messages are either completed, or replaced by no verbal. These include: • Body posture • Physical distance from the interlocutor • Face expression • Eye threat or its absence • Various gestures • Other elements of the persons behavior People with serious mental disorders some times have difficulties in verbal expression.

  11. Step 7: Questions and comments (5΄)

  12. Step8: Lesson’s evaluation(5΄)

  13. Lesson2 WHICH ARE THE CAUSES OF DEPRESSION TIME : 90minutes (2training hours of 45 minutes)

  14. Step1: Role play (45΄) Leaflet 3.2.1: Role play Try to play the role of the father, the mother, the son and the daughter.

  15. Step 2:Brainstorming (10΄) What do you think that are the causes of Depression ?

  16. Step 3: Slide projection(15΄) Slide 3.2.1: Factors related to the causes of Depression • Genetic • Neurochemical • Traumatic experiences • Hard social situations • Stressful situations • Physical diseases • Substance use especially alcohol and cocaine • Perperium (after birth recovery)

  17. Step 4: Slide Projection (10΄) Slide 3.2.2: Clinical course (progress) of Depression 1Case: long , gentle and insidious start

  18. Step 4 (continued) 2ndcase: long gentle and insidious start, plus acute symptoms for a period of time.

  19. Step 4 (continued) 3rd Case: Sudden start and total subsiding of symptoms after a period of time.

  20. Step 4 (continued) 4thCase: Sudden start, partial subsiding, relapses.

  21. Step 4 (continued) 5thCase: Sudden or insidious start and chronic duration.

  22. Step 5: Questions and comments (5΄)

  23. Step6: Lesson’s evaluation (5΄)

  24. Lesson3 WHAT IS THE THERAPEUTICAL TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION TIME : 90minutes(2training hours of 45 minutes)

  25. Step 1:Exercise (15΄) Leaflet 3.3.1: Clinical Case Which needs of X require therapeutical treatment?

  26. Step 2: Slide Projection(15΄) Slide 3.3.1: Therapeutic interventions to depressive patient • Antidepressants • Therapy with Lithium • Psychotherapy • Electrospasmic therapy • Social interventions

  27. Step 3:Exercise (15΄) Leaflet 3.3.2: Therapeutical interventions for Depression. Mark the letter (s) of the alphabet that correspond to the appropriate intervention.

  28. Step 4: Slide Projection(15΄) Do you know any antidepressants? Give examples.

  29. Step 4 (continued) Slide 3.3.2: Common antidepressants Tricycles • Imipramine (Tofranil) • Amitriptyline (Saroten) • Clomipramine (Anafranil) New • Fluoxetine (Ladose) • Paroxetine (Seroxat) • Fluvoxamine (Dumyrox) • Venlafaxine (Efexor) • Nefazodone (Nefirel)

  30. Step 5: Slide Projection(20΄) Slide 3.3.3: Antidepressants’ side effects Παρενέργειες αντικαταθλιπτικών φαρμάκων • dry mouth, constipation,blurred vision • drowsinessand fatigue • Standing hypotension (low blood pressure) • rapid heart rate excessive sedation or uncoordinated movements while taking this medicationΤαχυκαρδίες, αρρυθμίες και αίσθημα παλμών • Sexual dysfunction • Weight gain • From newer antidepressants: nausea, migraine headaches and insomnia.

  31. Step 6: Questions and comments (5΄)

  32. Step7: Lesson’s Evaluation(5΄)

  33. Lesson4 WHAT IS BIPOLAR DISORDER TIME : 90minutes(2training hours of 45 minutes)

  34. Step 1:Introduction (10΄) • Depression might appear in combination with an opposite emotional state, euphoria which characterizes Mania. It is then called “Manio-Depressive Disorder” or “Bipolar Disorder” as it is named nowadays. • Bipolar Disorder, like Schizophrenia, is considered as a psychotic disorder with long and serious course • Patients with this disorder appear Depressive episodes as well as manic episodes. Either one might appear first.

  35. Step 1 (continued) • It is possible that some patients appear severe episodes of Depression only, while the characteristics of euphoric behavior and hyperactivity are really mild and do not cause any problem. Other might appear only manic episodes, but it is not very common. • The time in between the episodes the person might feel perfectly well. • In some patients episodes alternate in high rate.

  36. Step 1 (continued) • Some times at the beginning of the disease, if there are intense psychotic characteristics, it is difficult to distinguish a manic from a schizophrenic episode. • The depressive episodes manifested in Bipolar Disorder are usually serious. • Bipolar Disorder affects about 1 every 100 persons, men as well as women. • Depends on genetic background. • Difficult social situations and stressful every-day situations worsen the development (progress) of this disorder.

  37. Step 2:Brainstorming (10΄) What is the behavior of a manic patient?

  38. Step 3: Slide projection and Discussion(15΄) Slide 3.4.1: Manic Symptoms Symptoms related to mood : • Assiduous euphoric mood • Irritability • Temporary depression Symptoms related to concentration, speech and thinking: • Easy distraction of attention • Pressurized talking, loss of ideas • High self esteem

  39. Step 3 (continued) Somatic/ Biological/ Behavior symptoms: • High mobility and activity (physical, social, working, sexual) • Dangerous or socially improper behavior • Insomnia with no feeling of fatigue • Good appetite, but loss of weight because of hyperactivity.

  40. Step 4: Exercise (10΄) Express on your face successively the following emotions: joy, sadness, anger, anxiety, despair, hopelessness, hope, tension, fear, panic, enthusiasm, guilt, disgust, blank.

  41. Step 5: Exercise (10΄) Think up a plot of a specific situation and imitate your feelings using, apart from face expression, any other non verbal way of communication you wish.

  42. Step 6:Role play(25΄) Imitate a person whose behavior is characterized by euphoria, non- stop talking and high ideas of himself as well as for his friends.

  43. Step 7: Questions and comments(5΄)

  44. Step8: Lesson’s evaluation(5΄)

  45. Lesson5 WHICH IS THE THERAPEUTICAL TREATMENT OF BIPOLAR DISORDER TIME : 90minutes(2training hours of 45 minutes)

  46. Step 1:Introduction(5΄) Bipolar Disorder, without therapeutical treatment, has the tendency to manifest successive manic and depression episodes, which as the time pass become more often and more severe, while the intermediate free of symptoms periods become shorter.

  47. Step 2:Slide Projection (5΄) one yearς Many years Slide 3.5.1: Development of Bipolar Disorder with and without treatment. Θεραπεία συντήρησης therapy of acute phase Συνεχιζόμενη Θεραπεία

  48. Step 3:Brainstorming (10΄) Leaflet 3.5.1: Clinical case What are the needs of X that should be attended and in what way during his/ her treatment ?

  49. Step 4:Slide projection(10΄) Slide 3.5.2: Therapeutical treatment for Bipolar Disorder Episode treatment Depression episode: • Antidepressants medication • Other psychosocial interventions. Manic episode: • Hospitalisation • Medical treatment (with antipsychotic and tranquilizers) • Limitation of manic behavior.

  50. Step 4 (continued) Continued therapy from preventing relapses • Continuation of the medication • Ψυχοεκπαίδευση • Supporting psychotherapy • Other psychosocial interventions Preservation therapy • Administration of lithium or other drugs that stabilize mood • Psychosocial interventions

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