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Chapter 2, Section 2 Shaped by Its History

Chapter 2, Section 2 Shaped by Its History. Kingdoms, City-States, and Empires Textbook pages 42-49. Aksum. Aksum was located in East Africa, in present day Eritrea, Ethiopia. By the 200s, it controlled a trade network from the Med. Sea to India.

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Chapter 2, Section 2 Shaped by Its History

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  1. Chapter 2, Section 2Shaped by Its History Kingdoms, City-States, and Empires Textbook pages 42-49

  2. Aksum • Aksum was located in East Africa, in present day Eritrea, Ethiopia. • By the 200s, it controlled a trade network from the Med. Sea to India. • Many became Christian in the 300s; center of early Ethiopian Christian Church.

  3. Kilwa • Located in East Africa, in present day Tanzania. • One of the most beautiful and best constructed towns in the world. • Conquered and destroyed by Portugal in early 1500s.

  4. Great Zimbabwe • Located on the Limpopo River in Southern Africa. • Connected to East African trade civilizations along coast of Indian Ocean. • Peak of Power about 1300 with thousands of people living there.

  5. Carthage • Located in North Africa in present-day Tunisia. • Controlled coast of North Africa and grew rich from trade. • Maintained control over Med. Trade for 300 years.

  6. Ghana • Located between Senegal and Niger rivers. • Controlled trade across West Africa and grew rich from taxes. • Called the “land of gold”.

  7. Mali • Located in the Upper Niger Valley. • Took over control of trade routes from Ghana. • King Mansa Musa brought peace and order beginning in about 1312; helped spread Islam.

  8. Songhai • Located in West Africa along the Niger River. • Took control of trade routes from Mali; established Tombouctou as a great city. • Defeated by invaders from North Africa in 1591.

  9. Benin • Located in Coastal West Africa. • Artisans created some of the finest sculptures and carvings of the time. • Traded with Europeans by sea, including early slave trading.

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