Chapter 10

1. Chapter 10 Using the Elements of Design *Color is an element of Design, but will be in the next chapter due to its level of impact!

2. Chapter Objectives • Summarize the characteristics of good design. • Evaluate the use of the elements of design in residential and commercial interiors. • Analyze the psychological impact of the elements of design on people. • Analyze the effects the elements of design have on aesthetics and function.

3. Terms to Learn • Visual Imagery • Design • Function • Construction • Aesthetics • Line • Horizontal lines • Vertical lines • Diagonal lines • Curved lines • Form • Realistic form • Abstract form • Geometric form • Free form • Space • Mass • High mass • Low mass • Texture • Visual texture

4. K-W-L • What do you already Know about design? • What do you Want to know about design?

5. Design Characteristics • Function • How a design works! - Its usefulness, convenience, and organization • A good design makes a room better • Construction • Materials and structure make-up • Materials – chosen to support the function • Structure – refers to the assembly of materials • Must meet standards and codes • Aesthetics • Provides a pleasing appearance or effect • Taste varies, but good aesthetics please many

6. Visual Imagery & Design • Visual Imagery – • Nonverbal communication • Language of sight • Communicates a feeling/psychological effect • Design • Has many meanings • Interior Design – refers to it as the entire process used to develop a specific project – Projects can be objects, rooms, or buildings.

7. Activity – Product Creation • Create a new product • Use the worksheet as a template • Evaluate it in terms of the following: • Function • Construction • Aesthetics • Collaborate with your team to choose the best one and compile it fresh on a new paper. Present to the class with description.

8. Element 1 - Line • This is the most basic element of design • It forms when two dots are connected, just as you have defined in math class. • They connect the edges or outlines of objects and areas. • Provide direction for the eye – Perspective

9. Types of Lines Horizontal • Straight line parallel to the ground, or “horizon” • These direct your eyes across a design • Expresses feelings of peace, relaxation, and restfulness • Example – Fireplace mantel, long sofa • Straight line perpendicular to the ground. • These direct your eyes to move up/down. • Suggests height, strength, dignity, formality, permanence, and stability • Example – Columns, tall mirrors Vertical

10. Types of Lines Diagonal • Straight lines that angle between, or connect, vertical to horizontal • Diverts the eye in multiple directions • Suggests action, energy, ranging in levels by the severity of the angle • Example – cathedral ceilings, staircases • Part of a circle • Can be modified to become oval in shape, and even free form • Expresses a softness that straight lines cannot, connecting closer to nature • Example: Bed headboard, staircases Curved

11. Activity – Lines • Part 1 – Connect the Dots • Part 2 – Written reflection • Evaluate each of the different types of lines: • Horizontal • Vertical • Diagonal • Curved

12. Form is the physical shape of objects. It outlines the edges of a three-dimensional object and contains volume and mass. • Height, width, and depth are also expressed with form. • Great psychological effects come from form. Form

13. Types of FORM • Realistic • Looks like the real thing! • Communicates a lifelike, traditional and familiar feeling • Example: • Abstract • Rearranges or stylizes a recognizable object. • Has traits that look like the real thing, but altered. • Communicates a contemporary, changing, creative, and artistic feeling • Example:

14. Types of FORM • Geometric • Uses squares, rectangles, circles, etc. In creation • Home furnishings and accent pieces are commonly expressed this way. • Examples: Lampshades • Free • Random and flowing • Found in nature-in plants, stones, and wood. • No geometric design is involved • Communicates a sense of freedom as untraditional and different from realistic

15. Using Form in Housing and Interior Design Decisions • Three guidelines to follow for success! • Form Follows Function Consider the function of the object first! • Related Forms are More Agreeable than Unrelated Forms Your eyes should feel comfortable looking ! • A Gradual Change in Form Smoothly Directs the Eye Seeing an abrupt change in form can be bad!

16. Activity – Form • Use each square provided draw an example of the type of form suggested • Evaluate and provide examples in terms of the following: • Follows function • Related are more agreeable than unrelated • Gradual change smoothly directs the eye

17. Space and mass These two elements are presented together.

18. Space • Refers to the area around a form • Example: The area around a table • Refers to the area inside a form • Example: The area inside a room • Height, Length, and Width define the size of an interior space • Its use will then be determined • Example: a 10”x12” bedroom will most likely be used for a child or guest rather than a master, or adult. • Feelings are communicated through the size of the space – Large=open Small=cozy

19. Mass – the amount of pattern or objects in a space. High • Refers to a space that is visually crowded. • Fabrics with a high-mass have a lot of pattern or lines. • A room with high mass has many items. • Communicates formality or weightiness. • Refers to a space that is simple and sparse. • Use of only the most essential furnishings is important. • Communicates a clean and airy feeling. Low

20. Using Mass in Housing and Interior Design Decisions • High and Low mass can be used individually or blended to create variety in a space.

21. Activity – Space and Mass • Questions area posed regarding Space and Mass as elements of design. • Answer each individually. • At the bottom of the page you will draw pictures or print and paste from an internet search designs which exemplify High and Low Mass.

22. TEXTURE • The way a surface feels or appears to feel.

23. Texture Types in Interior Design Tactile • The way a surface feels to the touch • You can see and feel tactile textures. • Example: • A stone wall – you can see the ridges of the stones, and you can feel the coolness and roughness with your hand • The way a surface looks to the eye • You can see this texture, but NOT feel it. • Example: • Wallpaper – a plaid pattern in a wallpaper can show texture, but may feel smooth to the touch. Visual

24. Using Texture in Housing and Interior Design Decisions • You can use different textures to communicate different emotions in a room. • Example: • Rough surfaces can emit a casual feeling • Smooth surfaces can emit an elegant feeling

25. Texture Activity • Internet Link for example of stencils – the new connection from wallpaper to paint! • http://www.cuttingedgestencils.com/nursery-stencils-walls.html • Create a pattern of your own! • Use the given paper to create your pattern as inspiration for a stencil of your own. • Go a step further and choose color for it!

26. Chapter 10 Review • Can you? • Summarize the characteristics of good design. • Evaluate the use of the elements of design in residential and commercial interiors. • Analyze the psychological impact of the elements of design on people. • Analyze the effects the elements of design have on aesthetics and function.

27. Chapter 10 Review • Can you? Give an example of each of the following: • Visual Imagery • Design • Function • Construction • Aesthetics • Line • Horizontal lines • Vertical lines • Diagonal lines • Curved lines • Form • Realistic form • Abstract form • Geometric form • Free form • Space • Mass • High mass • Low mass • Texture • Visual texture

28. Chapter 10 Quiz • Describe four different types of lines. Explain the feelings each communicates. • Identify the type of form described by each of the following: • Lifelike normal and traditional • Random and flowing • Organized, ordered, planned and tailored • Rearranged or styled • How can you use space to create a cozy feeling in a room? • Give an example of an object with high mass and one with low mass. • Contrast tactile and visual texture. Give an example of how you can use each in a room design. *This quiz is 30 points!!