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MDA Chapter 17

MDA Chapter 17. Oral Pathology. Pathology; Study of diseases in the oral cavity Diagnosed by a Dentist or Doctor Final diagnosis (from) Historical, clinical, radiographic, lab, surgical, therapeutic, microscopic and differential findings Dental Assistants should be able to:

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MDA Chapter 17

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  1. MDAChapter 17 Oral Pathology

  2. Pathology; • Study of diseases in the oral cavity • Diagnosed by a Dentist or Doctor • Final diagnosis (from) • Historical, clinical, radiographic, lab, surgical, therapeutic, microscopic and differential findings • Dental Assistants should be able to: • Recognize the difference between normal and abnormal conditions

  3. Terms • What is meant by Malignancy • ? • What is meant by Benign • ? • What is a tumor? • ?

  4. Oral Lesions • Lesions • Broad term for abnormal tissues in the oral cavity • Below mucosal surfaces • Ulcer, erosion, abscess • Above mucosal surfaces • Blisters (vesicles), pustule, hematoma, plaque • Even with mucosal surface • Chymosis (bruising) • Raised/flat • Nodules, granuloma

  5. Disease of Oral Soft Tissue • Leukoplakia • “white patch” • Anywhere in the mouth • Lichen Planus • Benign, chronic disease • Wickham’s striae • Candidiasis • Yeast-like infection “Candida albicans • Pseudomembranous candidasis (Thrush) • Hyperplastic—white plaque, cannot remove • Atrophi—”erythematous” smooth red patches

  6. Aphthous Ulcers • Canker sores • Common • Recurrent—(RAU) • Minor RAU • 90% of all cases • Major RAU • 10% of cases, frequent outbreaks that last longer

  7. Cellulitis • Inflammation is uncontrolled • Associated with oral infection • Can be dangerous • If it travels to eye or brain

  8. Conditions of the Tongue • Glossitis • Inflammation or changes to tongue • Geographic tongue • Tongue loses areas of filform papillae

  9. Oral Cancer • One of the 10 most frequently occurring cancers • Warning signs • Sores that do not heal • Numbness in oral cavity • White or rough lesions on lips or oral cavity • Black or brown pigmented areas • Lesions with flat or raised margins

  10. Smokeless Tobacco • Periodontal disease and tooth loss • Irritation of oral mucosa • Precancerous leukoplakia • Cancers of the pharynx, larynx and esophagus

  11. Developmental Disorders • When cells in the body divide, and a deformity occurs • Congenital • present at birth • Genetic • Abnormalities in chromosomes • Environmental factors (teratogens) • Due to infections, drugs, radiation

  12. Jaw Development • Macrognathia • Abnormally large jaw • Micrognathia • Abnormally small jaw • Torus palatinus • Bony over growth

  13. Disturbances in Lip, Palate and TongueDevelopment • Cleft lip • Cleft palate • Cleft uvula

  14. Disturbances in Tooth Developmentand Eruption • Ameloblastoma • Tumor from dental lamina that did not make it to tooth buds • Anodontia • Congenitally missing teeth • Supernumerary • More than the normal 32 teeth • Macrodontia • Abnormal large teeth • Microdontia • Abnormal small teeth • Dens in dente • Tooth within a tooth • Gemination • Tooth bud dividing • Fusion • Joining of dentin and enamel of 2 or more separate teeth

  15. Ankylosis • ? • Impaction • ? • Abrasion • ? • Attrition • ? • Bruxism • ?

  16. Orofacial Piercing • Can cause • Chipped teeth • Broken teeth • Serious infections(remember how close this is to your brain) • PLEASE DO NOT DO THIS 

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