1 / 48

Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece. 8-1 Mountains and Seas. What to Know: How did geography influence the development of early civilizations in Greece? Vocabulary Peninsula : A stretch of ______ almost completely surrounded by water Isthmus : A small strip of land ________ larger land _____.

stash
Download Presentation

Ancient Greece

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Ancient Greece

  2. 8-1 Mountains and Seas • What to Know: How did geography influence the development of early civilizations in Greece? • Vocabulary • Peninsula: A stretch of ______ almost completely surrounded by water • Isthmus: A small strip of land ________ larger land _____

  3. Harbor: A ________ place with deep _________ close to shore

  4. The Land of Greece • Located on the _______ Peninsula • Surrounded by Ionian, ___________, and Aegean Sea • Asia Minor now referred to as ______ • An _________ connects the peninsula with southern peninsula • Southern area of peninsula is called the __________ • ¾ is covered in _________ • _______ is thin and rocky • Over 2,000 _______, largest is Crete • First ___________ were on islands, mainland, and coasts of North Africa, Italy, and Spain

  5. Life Among Mountains • People settled in mountain ______ • Kept people separate, not under one _____ • Trade was _______ by land, ______ could not be used for transport because they would dry up • Land was difficult to _______ • _______ sheep, goats, and pigs • Got wool, hides, and ______ • Grew grapes, ______, wheat, and barley • Made ______ and olive oil

  6. Life by the Seas • Many settled by _____ because of fish and travel • Became a ______ culture • ______ from harbor to harbor • Sea allowed ______ with other Greek settlements • Exchanged ideas and _______ beliefs • Sea was _________ in winter • ________ was god of the sea, showed anger through rough waters • Sea connected the ________ with other cultures

  7. Exchange and Trade • Could produce food _______ • Population ______ • ________ jobs begins • Made ______ and olive oil • Greeks ________ wheat • _______ wine olive oil, pottery, and wood • ________ ideas with other cultures • Learned to make bronze from the ________

  8. 8-2 Early Civilization in Greece • What to know: How did people in the earliest civilizations of ancient Greece live? • Vocabulary • Peasant: A poor _______ • Cultural Borrowing: The process by which a ______ takes ideas from other __________

  9. Bard: A professional ________ who traveled from town to town, telling stories and singing songs about Greek ______, goddesses, and ________ • Legend: A _________ handed down from earlier times that explains the past • Epic: A long ______ • Myth: A story about how the actions of gods and goddesses affected the lives of ______ • Mythology: A collection of _________ passed down from generation to generation

  10. The Minoans • Minoans begin on the Island of _____ • Named for legendary King ______ • Greek Poet ______ described Crete as fertile and highly ________ • 2000 B.C. Minoans build ______ • Palaces were large and _______ like • The _______ was the center of government, religion, and _____ storage • Largest palace was at _________ in 1700 B.C. • It was three _______ and three stories high

  11. Minoan Life • They enjoyed _______, dancing, and music • Men and women had long ______ and gold jewelry • The _____ was very important to them • ___________ with Egypt, Mesopotamia, and other early Greeks • They ________ pottery, olive oil, wine, and wool for copper, tin, and gold. • Had a system of _______, but we don’t understand it • 1100 B.C. Minoan culture _______ • Earthquake, volcano, or ________ invasion may have led to end

  12. The Mycenaeans • Named for the city of Mycenae on the _______ • They were ________ • Spoke an early form of Greek ________ • Mycenaeans borrowed culture and ideas from _______ • Borrowed sailing, ______, and art styles • 1450 B.C. Mycenaeans _________ Crete • Mycenaeans control _________ and Crete until 1100 B.C. • 1100 B.C. Mycenaeans _________ by Dorians and fighting themselves

  13. Legends and Myths • Stories told by ______ were entertaining • Also _________ ideals, values, and beliefs • Some ________ may be based on actual events • 1200 B.C. Mycenaeans conquer _____ in Trojan War • 700 B.C. _______ writes two epics about Trojan War • _________ was story about Trojan war, Troy was actually attacked according to archeologists • __________ was story of Odysseus’ ten year return home from Trojan war • He fought a _________

  14. Myths were an important part of Greek _________ • _________ things in nature • Told of God’s ________ • Each god had __________ of specific parts of life and nature

  15. The Greek Dark Age • 1100 B.C. ______ age begins • Cities were ________ and trade stops • Mass ________ • People return to simple ______ life • Writing, pottery, and bronze techniques are _______ or forgotten during Dark Age • Legends and myths _______ • 750 B.C. the Dark Age begins to ______

  16. 8-3 Greek City-States • What to Know: How did the governments of Greek city-states change over time? • Vocabulary • Polis: A ______ city-state that connected a city and the farms, towns, and villages around it. • Acropolis: A ________ built on top of a large hill

  17. Agora: An open-air ______ where people gathered to trade and discuss the news of the day in ______ city-states • Oligarchy: ______ by few • Tyrant: A person who takes control of a _______ by force • Democracy: Rule by the _________ • Commerce: Large-scale ________

  18. Colony: A new _______ separated from but ruled by a homeland

  19. The Rise of City-States • 750 B.C. ________ of Athens, Sparta, Argos, and Corinth • Greek city-states were called a _____ • Polis is where we get the word _________ • All people were free _______ unless parents were foreign • Philosopher _______ believed it was natural for people to live in city-states • Most ________ had 5,000 people; Corinth had 10,000, Athens may have had 20,000

  20. Most city-states began on the base of hills with an ______ on the top • People would be _______ in the acropolis during attacks • Later the acropolis became a center of ______ • The ______ was located outside the acropolis • Agora was center of government and ______ • Mountains kept city-states _______ • Natural barriers meant no central __________ of all city-states

  21. New Ways of Governing • 750 B.C., groups of wealthy ________ rule city-states • Oligarchy • Controlled every part of _________: army, religion, economy, and laws • 600s B.C. individual oligarchs take power as ______ • Tyrants, in the beginning had support of _______ • Over time tyrants were seen as ______ leaders • 500 B.C. _______ over thrown • Some city-states, like Athens, move to ________ • Only free males over 18 could _____ in Athens

  22. Commerce and Colonies • 700 B.C. Greek city-states become part of _______ • _________ grain, wood, olive oil, wine, pottery, and iron weapons and tools • Iron tools led to a food ______ and greater populations • City-states started ______ in search of more resources like iron • Colonies become ______ but maintain contact with original city-state through religion and trade • 500 B.C. Greek _______ in Europe, northern Africa, and Asia Minor

  23. Greek Culture • Identified with _______ • All city-states ________ religion, history, language, writing, culture, and athletics • 700s B.C. Greek _______ developed • Based on ____________ alphabet • __________ based on single sounds like our language • Recorded business, laws, and government with _______ • Homer uses Greek _______ to write Iliad and Odyssey

  24. Believed Zeus and the gods _______ daily life • Went to ________ to get advice • _________ was most famous Oracle • Was temple of _______ • 776 B.C. ________ begin • Olympics included wrestling, javelin, discus, long jump, boxing, and ________ • Winners crowned with ______ wreath • Lasted for _______ years • Would stop ________ to compete

  25. A New Kind of Warfare • City-states often fought each other over _______despite common culture • Between 725 B.C. and 650 B.C. developed new organized _______ technique • All male _______ of a polis spent some time in the army • Your rank was determined by ________ • Cavalry, ________ (foot soldiers), archers and stone throwers • Armor was 70 pounds of ________ • Had to ______ for own weapons and armor

  26. Had _______ formation • Would stand shoulder to shoulder to form _______ wall • Archers, chariots, and cavalry provided _______ • During ________, wall formations would push up against each other • Method was used for _________ of years

  27. 8-4 Sparta and Athens • What to know: How were Sparta and Athens alike, and how were they different? • Vocabulary • Helot: A person ________by Sparta who became a slave • Assembly: A _________group

  28. Reform: A _____ • Majority Rule: A system in which every _________has one vote, and in which the person or idea that receives the most _____is chosen • Fable: A short _______that uses animal characters to teach a lesson • League: A group of ______

  29. Sparta’s Government • __________on Peloponnesus, but separated from other city-states • 600s B.C. most _________city-state • Used _______, state owned slaves, to do work • Helots outnumbered _______4 to 1 • To prevent ________, Spartans trained in war • Had two __________during times of war • Had ___________in times of peace • Oligarchy was a group of 30 male of __________who were 60 years old or more

  30. Spartan Life • Age 7 _______left home and trained in military barracks • _________combat, hardships, and to obey orders without question • At 18 began true ________training • Lived in ________until age 30 • Served as _______until 60 • __________trained physically • Had more _________than women in other city-states • Sparta had little ________with other city-states • Believed there was no greater ______than to die in battle

  31. New Ideas in Athens • Because of _____, Athens had many trading partners • 620 B.C. _____wrote first Athenian laws, but were harsh • 600 B.C. _____reforms Athens, frees slaves, and makes laws more fair • Toward Democracy • Solon based rights on _____not birth • Could change ________class by the amount of land or money you have

  32. All male _______were allowed to attend the assembly to make laws • Used _______Rule to pass laws • Had a council of _____that served 1 year terms • Members were selected at ______ • Solon’s _______begin democracy in Athens

  33. Life in Athens • _______was important • Children learned morals from ______written by Aesop • From 7-14 boys went to _______to study math, reading, writing, physical education, art, poetry, and music. • Past 14, wealthy children would have _______. • Most boys learned their father’s _______: blacksmith, potter, or carpenter • _______studied at home • Learned ________skills: cooking, sewing, and childcare • One third of Athenian population was _____ • Many ________were educated and could be doctors and teachers • Women and slaves could not _____

  34. Concerns About Persia • 539 B.C. King Cyrus II creates Persian Empire through ___________Mesopotamia and Babylon • Egypt is _______ • Darius I makes the _____its largest • Darius I divides empire into ______ • Built roads to link _______ • Persia conquers some ______colonies • 500s B.C. _______creates Peloponnesian League • First purpose was to defend against ________ • League is now for defending against _______

More Related