A.P. U.S. HISTORY :CHAPTER 7

A.P. U.S. HISTORY :CHAPTER 7 LAUNCHINGTHE NEW REPUBLIC 1788-1800

CONSTITUTIONAL GOV’T TAKES SHAPE • OPENING ??’S • 1. WOULD THE AM PEOPLE ACCEPT THE RESULTS OF A NATIONAL ELECTION? • 2. WOULD THE LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE, & JUDICIAL BRANCHES OF THE NEW GOV’T BE ORGANIZED SO AS TO FUNCTION EFFECTIVELY?

IMPLEMENTING GOVERNMENT • ELECTION OF 1788: TASK TO ELECT PRES. • ELECTORAL COLLEGE FEB. 1789 UNAIMOUSLY ELECTS GW; JADAMS SECOND VOTE GETTER—AUTO VP • 12TH AM LATER ADJUSTS THIS TO CASTING VOTES FOR EACH POSITION DUE TO TIES, ISSUES • NATION’S FIRST CAPITAL NYC

FEDERAL JUDICIARY & BILL OF RIGHTS • JUDICIARY ACT OF 1789 • EX POST FACTO LAWS • BILLS OF ATTAINDER • BILL OF RIGHTS—KNOW THEM! PG. A8-A9

HAMILTON’S DOMESTIC POLICIES 1789-1794 • SEC. OF TREASURY ALEXANDER HAMILTON • DUBBED EXTREME NATIONALIST • FEARED WAR WITH BRITAIN OR SPAIN OR BOTH • ESTABLISHMENT OF NATION’S CREDIT-CRUCIAL • FIRST REPORT ON THE PUBLIC CREDIT

HAMILTON’S POLICIES CON’T • NEED TO FUND THE DEBT BY SELLING BONDS • PROMOTED SELLING OF WESTERN LANDS TO PAY OFF $12M EUROPEAN DEBT • PROPOSED MONEY OWED TO AM CITIZENS BE LEFT AS “PERMANENT DEBT” • $42M PRINCIPAL; PAY INTEREST TO BONDHOLDERS—ONLY BURDEN ON TAXPAYERS

HAMILTON’S PLAN CON’T • CONTROVERSIAL PROPOSAL—IMMED. RESISTANCE—JAMES MADISON—OPPOSES • ASSUMPTION OF STATES’ WAR DEBT—MAJOR RESIST. BY SOUTH –PAID OFF 83% OF DEBT • DEAL STRUCK TO MOVE CAPTIAL TO POTOMAC RIVER LOCATION APPEASE SOUTH

CREATING A NATIONAL BANK • AH’S REPORT ON A NATIONAL BANK • OPPOSITION CALLED IT A SCHEME TO GIVE ELITE SPECIAL POWER TO INFLUENCE GOV’T • THOMAS JEFFERSON-STEPS TO PLATE AS MAJOR OPPONENT; JM’S TAGS ON ---CALLS FOR STRICT INTERPRETATION OF CONST. • CONGRESS BARELY APPROVES THE BANK • G.W.’S STAND IS CRITICAL BUT WAS IT SMART?

JEFFERSON VS HAMILTON • EMERGING PARTISIANSHIP COMES ABOUT • AH’S FEDERALISTS VS TJ & JM “REPUBLICANS” • SEE CHART HANDOUT

ACTIVITY TIME • WE’VE GOT TO EMBED THESE CHARACTERISTICS IN OUR HEAD! • OPTIONS: • SONG OR POEM • BUTCHER PAPER CHART PICK ONE WITH A PARTNER OF YOUR CHOICE AND GET TO IT! PRODUCT: MASTERY OF FEDERALISTS VS REPUBLICANS

THE WHISKEY REBELLION • 1794—AMERICA’S FIRST CIVIL INSURRECTION • WHEN? • WHERE? • WHO? • WHAT?

THE U.S. IN A WIDER WORLD 1789-1796 • SPANISH POWER IN WESTERN NORTH AM • CHALLENGING AM EXPANSION 1789-1792

CON’T • FRANCE & FACTIONAL POLITICS 1793 • DIPLOMACY & WAR 1793-1796

JAY’S TREATY 1794 • ATTEMPT TO PRESERVE PEACE WITH HONOR HOWEVER MOST AM DESPISED IT • BR W/D FR NW POST IN US (ALREADY PROM. TO ADBANDON 1783) • AVERTED POSSIBLE WAR • ARRANGED TRADE AGREEMENTS—WOULD LAST FOR 10 YEARS—1803—ISSUES LEAD UP TO WAR OF 1812

CON’T • EXPANDED TRADE FOR U.S. • FAILED TO END IMPRESSMENT—FORCED ENLISTMENT—WAR OF 1812 ISSUE • LEFT ISSUE OF SLAVE COMPENSATION FROM AR—ANGERED SOUTH • ONLY PASSED BY ONE VOTE • YOU BE THE JUDGE???????????

TAKE A STAND • GRAB A PARTNER AND TAKE A STAND ON AGREEMENT VS DISAGREEMENT OF JAY’S TREATY • DEVELOP SOUND REASONING THAT SUPPORTS YOUR VIEWPOINT

PARTIES & POLITICS, 1793-1800 • IDEOLOGICAL CONFRONTATION 1793-1794 • THE REPUBLICAN PARTY 1794-1796

WASHINGTON’S FAREWELL ADDRESS 1787 • VIGOROUS CONDEMNATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES • “AVOID EXCESSIVE PARTIALITY FOR ONE NATION AND EXCESSIVE DISLIKE OF ANOTHER” • LEFT PRES. IN 1797; DIED 2 YEARS LATER • “WAS HE TRULY A MAN WHO COULD HAVE BEEN KING, BUT INSTEAD CHOSE TO LEAD A REPUBLIC?”

RESPOND TO THE QUOTE • READ THE QUOTE AGAIN AND RESPOND TO IT IN YOUR OWN WORDS WHAT YOU THINK BOYER IS TRYING TO SAY ABOUT G.W.

ELECTION OF 1796 • FED. V-P JADAMS VS REP. T.J. • REP. STRONGHOLD IN SOUTH; FED—NE • ‘SWING” STATES PA & NY---IMMIGRANT VOTE & PRO-FRENCH AND ANTI-BR VOICE • REP. TOOK PA ; LOST NY • TJ LOSES BY 3 ELECTORAL VOTES; BECAME V-P • JADAMS 2ND PRESIDENT—NOT VERY PERSONABLE BUT HAD KNOW HOW

FRENCH CRISIS 1798-1799 • FRENCH—NERVOUS OVER JAY’S TREATY & T.J.’S LOSS • ADAMS SENDS 3 AMBASSADORS TO FR FOR PEACE AGREEMENTS • XYZ AFFAIR OCCURS • QUASI-WAR

ALIEN & SEDITION ACTS 1798 • 4 MEASURES PASSED • 1. ALIEN ENEMIES ACT • 2. ALIEN FRIENDS ACT • 3. NATURALIZATION ACT • 4. SEDITION ACT BY 1798 FED. CONTROLLED ALL 3 BR OF GOV’T –PROMPTED FOCUS ON STATES’ RIGHTS

VIRGINIA & KY RESOLUTIONS • MADISON & JEFFERSON ANONYMOUSLY WROTE MANIFESTOS ON STATES’ RIGHTS • DECLARATION THAT ST LEG HAD NEVER SURRENDERED RIGHT TO JUDGE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF FED. ACTION’ • RETAINED AUTHORITY CALLED INTERPOSITION—ENABLED THEM TO PROTECT LIBERTIES OF CITIZENS

CON’T • JEFFERSON’S RESOLUTION FOR KY-DEC. POWER TO NULLIFY FED. LAWS TO WHICH THEY OBJECTED. • IMPACT: CHALLENGE JURISDICTION OF FED. COURTS & SEND STATEMENT TO FED. GOV’T • NO STATE PASSED RESOLUTIONS YET PASSAGE DEM. GREAT POTENTIAL FOR DISUNION TO COME LATER

ELECTION OF 1800 • VOTER TURNOUT LEAPED TO MOE THAN DOUBLE THAN 1788 • FED. ADAMS VS REP. T.J. • ADAMS LOST BY JUST 8 ELECTORAL VOTES • TIE FOR REP. ELECTORAL VOTES—HOUSE OF REP. BROKE TIE; VOTED 35 TIMES OVER 6 DAYS • FINALLY T.J. ELECTED 3RD PRESIDENT

CREATE A HEADLINE • USING YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE ELECTION OF 1800—WRITE OUT A HEADLINE THAT DETAILS THE RESULTS OF THE ELECTION HOWEVER IT MUST BE DRAMATIC AND INVITE READERS TO BUY THE NEWSPAPER!

ECONOMIC & SOCIAL CHANGE • PRODUCING FOR MARKETS • WHITE WOMEN IN THE REPUBLIC • “REPUBLICAN MOTHERHOOD”

LAND AND CULTURE: NATIVE AMERICANS • INDIAN TRADE & INTERCOURSE ACTS • NANCY WARD

AFRICAN AMERICAN STRUGGLES • BENJAMIN BANNEKER • FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW • GABRIEL’S REBELLION

A.P. U.S. HISTORY :CHAPTER 7