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Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Discover the scope of ecology, from the study of organism distribution and interactions with the environment to the impacts of both abiotic and biotic factors. Explore the link between evolution and ecology, and learn about different ecological levels and concepts. Dive into species distribution, aquatic biomes, and the importance of water cycling.

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Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

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  1. CHAPTER 50AN INTRODUCTION TOECOLOGY AND THE BIOSPERE Or…”The blue, the green, and everything in between.”

  2. “Earth-set”

  3. The scope of ecology • What is ecology? • Ecology studies the distribution and abundance of organisms and their interactions with the environment.

  4. Abiotic Factors Biotic Factors Organisms are affected by and affect both the abiotic and biotic components of their environment. What affects organisms?

  5. Evolution and Ecology are closely linked. • Including how organisms respond and how they are distributed • Events occurring in ecological time • (minutes, months, years) • translate into effects over the longer scale of evolutionary time • (decades, centuries, millennia, and longer).

  6. Definitions • Organismal ecology • Population • Population ecology • Community • Community ecology • Ecosystem • Ecosystem ecology • Landscape ecology • A landscape or seascape

  7. Rachel Carson • Precautionary principal • Look before you leap

  8. Species Distribution • Limiting factor—Dispersal • Increased by human transplantation

  9. Climagraph and distribution

  10. Aquatic Biomes • Marine • Intertidal • Coral Reefs • Pelagic • Benthos • Freshwater • Wetlands • Estuaries

  11. Water Cycling

  12. Most species have small geographic ranges • Only a small minority of species are widespread.

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