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Planning essays – spoken language investigation

Planning essays – spoken language investigation. FGI. The question. How does Barack Obama establish and sustain a rapport with an audience in two different contexts?. Suggested overall plan.

steven-carter
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Planning essays – spoken language investigation

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  1. Planning essays – spoken language investigation FGI

  2. The question • How does Barack Obama establish and sustain a rapport with an audience in two different contexts?

  3. Suggested overall plan • Section 1: how the different contexts of the speeches affect how Obama speaks, how he adapts his speech to different audiences • Section 2: how he structures his speeches to create interest • Section 3: his rhetorical devices (see next slides) • Section 4: the way he delivers his speeches: the way he stresses particular words, pauses, body language • Section 5: an evaluation of what you learnt from his speeches and it affected your own presentation(s)

  4. Rhetoric • Public speakers use various rhetorical devices to add impact to their words. These devices can consist of choices of vocabulary, sound effects or structural patterns • Can you think of any in Obama’s speeches?

  5. Rhetorical questions • Rhetorical questions- these are questions that do not require a response e.g. do you find this acceptable • Why are these powerful? • Can you find any that Obama uses?

  6. Rhetorical devices • Balanced phrases – e.g. to work and to live. Can you find any in Obama’s speeches? • Antithesis – placing opposite meaning together e.g. ‘ let us shape our hoplessness into a new hope’. Can you find any? • What effects are created through these devices?

  7. More rhetorical devices • Repetition – ‘ we will stand up, we will fight, we will win’ or Tony Blair’s ‘education, education, education.’ • Tripling (or groups of three) – e.g. ‘Friends, Romans, countrymen’ • Effect?

  8. More rhetorical devices • Onomatopoeia – e.g. ‘people are clamouring for justice’ • Alliteration – ‘a tapestry of talents’ • Sibilance – alliteration with S • Fricatives – alliteration with V and F • Plosives – alliteration with P and B’s • Why create sounds in a speech?

  9. Obama’s rhetorical devices • What the most POWERFUL sections of his speeches? Why are they so powerful? • ANALYSE their power. • “Yes we can.” • What is so powerful about this phrase?

  10. Suggestions • Positive and optimistic: “yes”. • The plural first person pronoun “we” suggests that everyone is “in it” altogether. • The verb “can” means that people are “able” and have the ability to solve the problems ahead.

  11. Now plan your own essay! • Make sure you produce your own individual plan • The top marks go to PERSONAL and ORIGINAL THOUGHT. • Great opportunity: research his new speech about the Arizona tragedy. • http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/01/obamas-arizona-speech-transcript-video/69467/

  12. How would you analyse it? • Think and think again!

  13. Essay plan Contexts Structure and theme Rhetorical devices Delivery Evaluation and impact

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