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PROTECTION OF SPANISH MONOPOLY

PROTECTION OF SPANISH MONOPOLY. GUARDA COSTAS FORTS CONVOY SYSTEM SQUADRONS HOUSE OF TRADE SPANISH ARMADA. OBJECTIVES. At the end of this lesson, students should be able to: Define the terms monopoly, mercantilism, asiento

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PROTECTION OF SPANISH MONOPOLY

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  1. PROTECTION OF SPANISH MONOPOLY GUARDA COSTAS FORTS CONVOY SYSTEM SQUADRONS HOUSE OF TRADE SPANISH ARMADA

  2. OBJECTIVES • At the end of this lesson, students should be able to: • Define the terms monopoly, mercantilism, asiento • Outline the strategies Spain used to protect her monopoly of the New World such as: • The Spanish Armada, Convoy System, Forts, Squadron • Comment on the effectiveness of these strategies in protecting Spanish monopoly • Comment on the role of the defeat of the Armada in undermining Spanish rule • Listen and participate in class discussion

  3. PROTECTION OF SPANISH MONOPOLY • Spain used a number of methods to protect her monopoly in the New World. These included: • The Treaty of Tordesillas • Forts • Guarda Costas • The Convoy System • Spanish Armada/Armadilla

  4. TREATY OF TORDESILLAS (1494) • This was signed between Spain and Portugal in 1494 after Spain appealed to Pope Alexander VI to settle claims to land • The Pope then decided to divide the newly discovered lands in the New World and those already settled by the Portuguese in the East between the two nations • As a result of the line of demarcation, Brazil was given to the Portuguese and is today, the only Portuguese speaking nation in South America • By using the Treaty of Tordesillas, Spain was making it known to other European countries that the New World was hers!!!!

  5. TREATY OF TORDESILLAS (1494)

  6. HOUSE OF TRADE/CASA DE CONTRATACION • Established in Seville Spain • Controlled all trade in the New World • Issued license called ASIENTO to anyone who wished to trade with the colonies in the New World • Trade was governed by the economic principle of MERCANTILISM-that colonies existed for the sole benefit of the mother country and should only trade with the mother country • Rules stipulated that ships carrying goods to the colonies were to depart from Seville in Spain and were to complete their journey at Seville.

  7. FORTS • A fort was an extensive wall built around a city for protection • They had watch towers and cannons placed at strategic positions • The picture on the right is of Fort San Cristobal in Puerto Rico • Others were in Cuba and Hispaniola

  8. FORTS CONT’D

  9. SQUADRON • Warships used to patrol the seas regularly as well as the shipping lanes in the Caribbean • Their role was to stop trespassers and prevent any disruption of trade

  10. GUARDA COSTAS • These were gunships that patrolled the seas to ward off attacks from pirates • These ships were usually fast and light and could easily catch up with pirate ships • They were heavily armed and could defend the treasure on the larger ships

  11. GUARDA COSTAS

  12. THE CONVOY SYSTEM • Adopted in about 1566 by the Spanish under the control of Pedro Menendez de Aviles • He an experienced admiral and personal adviser of King Phillip II • The implementation of the Convoy System was in response to the sacking of Havana by French privateers • It was a fleet of war ships which flanked the treasure ships to protect them from attacks by pirates

  13. THE CONVOY SYSTEM

  14. THE SPANISH TREASURE SHIPS • Each year two sets of ships left the New World with treasure for Spain • The Flota left in April making a three-week journey to Havana from Veracruz, Mexico every spring. Here the ships underwent repairs and took on cargoes of tobacco and sugar before setting sail for Spain. • The Galleon left in August and arrived in Spain in about October • The ships were laden with treasures and were very attractive to pirates

  15. SPANISH ARMADA • This was the Spanish Navy responsible for warding off attacks by pirates on the Spanish treasure ships • When the ARMADA was at war, other smaller ships were dispatched to protect the treasure ships in the colonies, sometimes called ARMADILLA • see handout on the battle of 1588

  16. DEFEAT OF THE SPANISH ARMADA (1588) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZn37zh24VY

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