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Multiplexing

Multiplexing. Multiplexing. Fundamental to networking General concept Used in Lowest level of transmission systems Higher levels of network hardware Protocol software Applications. The General Concept of Multiplexing. Separate pairs of communications travel across shared channel

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Multiplexing

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  1. Multiplexing

  2. Multiplexing • Fundamental to networking • General concept • Used in • Lowest level of transmission systems • Higher levels of network hardware • Protocol software • Applications

  3. The General Concept of Multiplexing • Separate pairs of communications travel across shared channel • Multiplexing prevents interference • Each destination receives only data sent by corresponding source

  4. Multiplexing Terminology • Multiplexor • Device or mechanism • Accepts data from multiple sources • Sends data across shared channel • Demultiplexor • Device or mechanism • Estracts data from shared channel • Sends to correct destination

  5. Two Basic Types of Multiplexing • Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) • Only one item at a time on shared channel • Item marked to identify source • Demultiplexor uses identifying mark to know where to deliver • Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) • Multiple items transmitted simultaneously • Uses multiple “channels”

  6. Transmission Schemes • Baseband transmission • Uses only low frequencies • Encodes data directly • Broadband transmission • Uses multiple carriers • Can use higher frequencies • Achieves higher throughput • Hardware more complex and expensive

  7. Scientific Principle BehindFrequency Division Multiplexing • Note: this is the same principle that allows a cable TV company to send multiple television signals across a single cable Two or more signals that use different carrier frequencies can be transmitted over a single medium simultaneously without interference

  8. Wave Division Multiplexing • Facts • FDM can be used with any electromagnetic radiation • Light is electromagnetic radiation • When applied to light, FDM is called wave division multiplexing • Informally called color division multiplexing

  9. Summary • Multiplexing • Fundamental concept • Used at many levels • Applied in both hardware and software • Two basic types • Time-division multiplexing (TDM) • Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) • When applied to light, FDM is called wave-division multiplexing

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