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Six Types of Chemical Reactions

Six Types of Chemical Reactions. SYNTHESIS. Synthesis Reaction : Two or more substances combine to form a single substance. A + B  AB. EXAMPLE:. C. C + O 2 . C + O 2  CO 2. O 2. Oxygen. Carbon Dioxide. Carbon. DECOMPOSITION. Decomposition Reaction :

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Six Types of Chemical Reactions

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  1. Six Types of Chemical Reactions

  2. SYNTHESIS

  3. Synthesis Reaction: • Two or more substances combine to form a • single substance. A + B  AB

  4. EXAMPLE: C C + O2  C + O2  CO2 O2 Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Carbon

  5. DECOMPOSITION

  6. Decomposition Reaction: • A compound is broken into two or more simpler substances. AB  A + B

  7. EXAMPLE: 2H2O  2H2 2H2O  2H2 + O2 O + O2 Water Hydrogen Oxygen

  8. SINGLE REPLACEMENT

  9. Single Replacement: • An element takes the place of another element, (of the same type), in a compound. A + BC  B + AC

  10. EXAMPLE: Cl2 Mg + CaCl2 Mg + CaCl2 Ca + MgCl2 Mg Ca + Calcium Magnesium Chloride Calcium Chloride Magnesium

  11. DOUBLE REPLACEMENT

  12. Double Replacement: • Two compounds exchange metal ions to form two new compounds. AB + CD  AD + CB

  13. EXAMPLE: KBr + NaOH KBr + NaOHNaBr + KOH K Br Na OH + Potassium Hydroxide Sodium Hydroxide Sodium Bromide Potassium Bromide

  14. COMBUSTION

  15. Combustion: • Burning Reaction – in order for something to burn, it must have both a combustiblefueland oxygen • Fuel + Oxygen  Carbon Dioxide + Water Fuel + O2 CO2 + H2O

  16. EXAMPLE: CH4 + 2O2 CO2+ 2H2O C CH4 + 2O2 H4 O2 O2 + 2H2 O Carbon Dioxide Water Methane Oxygen

  17. ACID - BASE

  18. 6. Acid-Base: • These are specific kinds of Double • Replacement reactions. • Acid + Base  Salt + Water HA + BOH  AB + HOH SALT

  19. EXAMPLE: HCl + NaOHNaCl + HOH HCl + NaOH H Cl Na OH + Sodium Hydroxide Sodium Chloride Water Hydrochloric Acid

  20. So how do you figure out what type of reaction is taking place? Use the following checklist---

  21. 1)  Does your reaction have oxygen as one of it's reactants and carbon dioxide and water as products? COMBUSTION REACTION If yes, then it's a

  22. 2)  Does your reaction have two (or more) chemicals combining to form one chemical? SYNTHESIS REACTION If yes, then it's a 2 = 1 + 1

  23. 3)  Does your reaction have one large molecule falling apart to make several small ones? If yes, then it's a DECOMPOSITION REACTION

  24. 4)  Does your reaction have any molecules that contain only one element? If yes, then it's a SINGLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION

  25. 5)  Does your reaction have water as one of the products? ACID-BASE REACTION If yes, then it's an

  26. 6)  If you haven't answered "yes" to any of the questions above, then you've got a DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION

  27. List what type the following reactions are: 1)  NaOH + KNO3 --> NaNO3 + KOH double displacement 2)  CH4 + 2 O2 --> CO2 + 2 H2O combustion 3)  2 Fe + 6 NaBr --> 2 FeBr3 + 6 Na single displacement 4)  CaSO4 + Mg(OH)2 --> Ca(OH)2 + MgSO4 double displacement 5)  NH4OH + HBr --> H2O + NH4Br acid-base 6)  Pb + O2 --> PbO2 synthesis

  28. 7)  Na2CO3 --> Na2O + CO2 decomposition 8) C10H8 + 12 O2 ---> 10 CO2 + 4 H2O combustion 9) 8 Fe + S8 ---> 8 FeS synthesis 10) Mg + 2 H2O ---> Mg(OH)2 + H2 single displacement 11) H2CO3 CO2 + H2O decomposition 12) HBr + NaOH ---> NaBr + H2O acid-base

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