Translation of News Reports

1. Translation of News Reports • Types of News Texts: • News reports----- objectivity, accuracy, effectiveness and promptness. • Feature stories:Narrations • Comments.or Commentaries ----- subjectivity, personal novelty

2. Composition of A News Report • Title or Headline: highlights the topic concerned • Lead or Introduction: usually in the first para.---- 5/6 Ws. • Body: gives a terse and clear description of the event under discussion---- 3 categories in view of its writing style

3. Three Categories of “Body” • Chronological Account: time of occurrence • Pyramid form: in the order of ascending importance • Inverted Pyramid form: in the order of descending significance, focusing on news value and reader’s interest

4. Inverted Pyramid • Introduction containing most imp. &striking information • More facts • Supporting infor. &background • Quotes or facts of less importance • Minor details • The least imp. Infor.

5. Translation of the Title As the eye, it has to be eye-catching,succinct &novel 1. Italian Ex-Mayor Murdered 一意大利前市长遇刺 2. Win or Lose, They All Scored Big 无论输赢，他们都是胜利者 3. Rail Chaos Getting Worse 铁路交通混乱状况愈演愈烈 4.When America Itself is the Target 当美国自己成了被打击的目标

6. Translation Methods • Literal Translation: Eg: Japan on Track for Tepid Recovery 日本经济走上缓慢复苏之路 • Free or Liberal Translation: Eg: Overseas-funded Firms Mushrooming 外资厂商迅速增加 • Addition &Interpretation : 增词解释新闻背景信息 Eg: India Mending Fences 印度正在改善与邻国的关系

7. Structural features • Title in the form of phrases: ￭head word +post-modifier Eg: a. Three dead after inhaling oven gas 吸入炉灶煤气，三人窒息身亡 b. Financier killed by burglars 夜贼入室，金融家遇害 c. Pope to visit Japan in February 教皇将于二月访日

8. Structural features ￭ Pre-modifier + head word Eg: a. The color lines 肤色界限 b. Terror Cradle 恐怖活动的摇篮 c. Shotgun Death Riddle Drama 枪杀事件，扑朔迷离 e. Channel Tunnel Halt （英吉利海峡）隧道工程暂停施工

9. Structural features 2. Title in the form of sentences: ￭complete sentences Eg: MPs want Tougher Watchdog 议员要求更为严厉的监察人员 US Budget Calls for Dollar Devaluation 美国预算要求美元贬值 Arafat Walks out of the Jordan Peace Talks 阿拉法特退出约旦和谈

10. Structural features ￭incomplete sentences eg: When police hide behind the shield of the law 警察用法律当盾牌的时候 ￭omission of articles, conjunctions,linking verbs & auxiliaries Eg: (The) lives (which had )Just Begun Fell Victim(s) to AIDS. 刚刚开始的生命便沦为艾滋病的牺牲品 Married Women (are) to Get Allowance 已婚妇女将获得金贴

11. Punctuation Marks 1. Comma for “and” Eg: US, Vietnam Resume Talks Teenagers Work, Spend • Colon for stress or interpretation (to be, say) Eg: President’s hit list: budget items scheduled to get the axe 总统圈定的消减清单:计划砍掉的预算项目 Chinese Cooks:Masters at Turning a Turnip(蔓菁) into a Flower

12. Rhetorical Devices: Accusers Accused( alliteration) After the Boom Years, Everything is gloom (rhyme) A vow to zip his lips (hyperbole) Liberty, Equality and Insecurity (irony) Other figures of speech: Contrast, metaphor,etc. America Wins and Loses in Iraqi War A Cradle of Terror

13. Translated Version • 原告变被告 • 繁荣过后,尽是萧条 • 誓将守口如瓶 • 自由,平等,不安全 • 美国在伊拉克战争中的得与失 • 恐怖活动的摇篮

14. Neologism & Slangs • Neologism from composition or blending Eg: Blackmart, job-hop, Reaganomics, Euromart, masscult, stagflation, sportscaster Black market, job hopper, European Common Market, Mass Culture, sports broadcaster, stagnation inflation • Slangs: Big Bucks for IT Employees

15. Journalistic Present Tense • Simple present & present continuous ----- a sense of freshness, reality and immediacy • past participles, present participles, infinitive phrases Eg: see p.200 in the textbook Oil giant expands further overseas(past action) Chinese leader to visit India (future action) Hundreds missing in storm-hit India (past, progressive,active) Military Aircraft Made Available for Evacuation(past passive)

16. Journalistic Words • Words frequently appearing with relatively constant, fixed meaning in translation: ( active & passive) • Report: 报道 • Quote: 援引 • Source(s): 人士 • According to : as a post modifier in Eng. And a pre-modifier in Chinese.

17. Exercises on P 213 (report) • A reliable source: • A well-informed source: • A source who asked to remain anonymous: • A source close to the US Secretary of State:

18. Abbreviations & Acronyms • Heli ; prez, uni, biz, grad, prof, regs, pic, cig, GMT, PA, pub, • Helicopter, president, university, business, graduates, publisher, regulations, cigarette, personal assistant,

19. Daily Words with Specific Meanings • Hawk / Dove; basket; dropout; blue-collar; egg; exotic; foothold; get to first base; looking glass; moonlight (v.); needle; roommate; slippage; umbrella • 越战美国主战与主和派； 一揽子计划；逃避生活的人；炸弹；脱衣舞；稳固的地位；取得初步成功；颠倒的；兼职；注射毒品；同居者；道德沦丧；保护伞

20. Acronyms for English Newspapers and News Agencies SE: Sunday Express AP:Associated Press DM: Daily Mirror / Daily Mail PA: Press Association IHT: International Herald Tribune NYT REUTERS WP: Washington Post; CD: China Daily CSM:The Christian Science Monitor Exclusive: ( Exclusive by…)

21. Other English Newspapers & Magazines • Businessweek: • The Economist: • Far East Economic Review: • Financial Times: • Forbes: • Fortune: • The Guardian: • National Geographic: • The Observer: • Punch: • USA Today: • The Wall Street Journal: