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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم. Breathing reserve (B.R.): It’s the difference between pulmonary ventilation during rest and maximum voluntary ventilation B.R = M.V.V _ M.R.V. = 100 _ 6 = 94 L/min. Mechanisms of breathing reserve:

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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

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  1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

  2. Breathing reserve (B.R.): It’s the difference between pulmonary ventilation during rest and maximum voluntary ventilation B.R = M.V.V _ M.R.V. = 100 _ 6 = 94 L/min.

  3. Mechanisms of breathing reserve: • Impulses from the cerebral cortex. • Impulses from the hypothalamus. • Impulses from the contracting muscle joint and ligaments. • Impulses from the limbic system. • Impulses from the chemoreceptor's (Pco2, Po2, H+). • Increases venous return. • Increases body temperature.

  4. Regulation of breathing during exercise

  5. Pulmonary ventilation during:a. Rest. b. Exercise. c. Recovery.

  6. Gas transport during exercise. O2 transport: • O2 content: is the amount of O2 in 100 ml blood • O2 carrying capacity of the blood: • 1gm HB carries 1.34 ml O2 • total amount of HB is 15 gm. /100ml . Therefore The maximum O2 carrying capacity of the blood = 15 X 1.34 = 20 ml/ 100ml blood.

  7. Percent of saturation of HB with O2 O2 content = x 100 O2 capacity

  8. Thank you

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