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WEEK 1

Analysis of Sytem Performance And Efficiency in Urban Transportation. WEEK 1. INTRODUCTION. Assoc. Prof. Darçın AKIN, dakin@yildiz.edu.tr. Course Objective.

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WEEK 1

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  1. Analysis of Sytem Performance And Efficiency in Urban Transportation WEEK 1 INTRODUCTION Assoc. Prof. Darçın AKIN, dakin@yildiz.edu.tr

  2. Course Objective • Students will be introduced to the concepts and the process of urban transportation planning in metropolitan areas, and will exercise the travel demand forecasting by solving numerical examples. • They will gain an experience of developing a travel demand model for a small artificial town (UTOWN).

  3. Course Content • This course includes analysis of urban transportation with respect to system performance and efficiency transportation planning in metropolitan areas. • The course topics include the history of urban transportation, environmental and planning regulations, air quality, modal characteristics, land use and transportation interaction and emerging information technologies for transportation planning

  4. Course Learning Outcomes • Students will gain the concepts and the process of urban transportation planning in metropolitan areas. • Students will learn the steps of the 4-step travel demand forecasting by solving numerical examples. • Gaining the ability to access to academic knowledge and the ability to study independently. • Gaining the ability to present ideas and findings in a research area verbally and in a written format. • Presenting the responsibility of professional and ethical behaviors. • Gaining the awareness of continuing learning via the modern technology.

  5. Course Semester Program

  6. Course Semester Program

  7. Grading • Mid-term written exam • Presentation • Homeworks • Final exam

  8. Instructor Assoc. Prof. Darçın AKIN dakin@yildiz.edu.tr

  9. Introduction • The major trend characterizing urban transportation in the 20th centuryis the increasing preference for and use of private cars instead ofpublic transport, walking, and cycling . • Cars have provided peoplewith unprecedented levels of mobility. However, the negative impactof transportation activities on the environment and people has alsoincreased dramatically. • The transportation sector has been the fastestgrowing energy-consuming sector during the past two decades, and itis a major contributor to global warming and climate change. • Transportis one of the most significant sources of unsustainability in urbanareas. These issues are stimulating urban planners and decisionmakers to incorporate the concept of sustainability into their policydesignat variouslevels.

  10. Introduction • Sustainability has become an important topic both in society andinpolitics. However, despite its successful implementation in severalsectors and its wide recognition in academic and professional debate,sustainability is still not that evident in day-to-day regional planningpractice. • At the regional level—precisely the level at which strategicdecisions are increasingly made and thegreatest impacts are to beexpected—the gap between the worlds of land use and transportationplanning seems to be the largest. • Persistinginstitutionalbarrierscausemuch of this gap. Land use and transport decision making typicallyare theresponsibility of different agencies, encompass different spatialscales, follow different procedures, and involve different sets ofstakeholders. • However, even when these institutional conditions aremore favourable, differences in the disciplinary background and languageof land use and transportation policy makers are an obstacle topolicyintegration.

  11. Introduction • Extensive academic literature on accessibility measures suggeststhat there are many ways in which to define, represent, and quantifyaccessibility, and that these have widely enriched the theoreticalunderstanding of accessibility by taking more and more social, economic,spatial, temporal, and behavioral components into account. • Different measures have shown potential for the accessibility concept.First, accessibility is able to link physical space and functional activities.Forexample, a locationalaccessibilityperspectiveassessesthe attractiveness of places within the urban system relative to oneanother. In contrast, an individual accessibility perspective focuses onthe geographic scope of activities available to a given person. • Second,accessibility can be linked with various transport and land usepolicies on different scales: neighborhood, intraurban, and regional levels. • However, any interpretable measure integrating accessibilityand sustainability and, in particular, linking with policy-makingpracticeis relativelyscarce.

  12. The Analysis of Urban Transportation System Effect: Evaluating theDifference between Mobility and Accessibility in Orientation • The difference and relation between mobility and accessibility and theirurban transportation system effect needto be studied. • The evaluationpointsout that both mobility and accessibility can improve the systemefficiency in transportation planning, but the accessibility orientation can providebettersustainability. • With industrialization and urbanization, cites in the world haveexperienced unceasing development. Travel demand in cites is increasing andcomplicated. These demands place higher requirements on urban transportationsystems. • For a long time, the core idea of urban transportation system planningcan be summarized: How to increase supply constantly and to use technicalprogress and system optimization to meet the travel demand.

  13. The Analysis of Urban Transportation System Effect: Evaluating theDifference between Mobility and Accessibility in Orientation • Toachievethisspecific performance, urban transportation planning concepts and methods areused widely to improve urban mobility. • Mobility refers primarily to improvedspatial activities. The "four-step" planning method is a typical representative ofthis concept, but this planning method meets a series of problems. The urbantransportation system is complex and the extent of travel increase is uncertain. • The performance and efficiency of transportation supply resource operations aredeclining continuously (road resource is the most serious). • Travel cost and timehave been increasing and the urban environment is getting worse.

  14. 4-Step Travel Demandmodeling • Inputs: • Land-use data • Population • Employment • Education • Economics, etc. • Zonalcharacteristics • Land-use data • Zone-to-zonetraveltimes, costs, etc. • Network characteristics • Link lenghts • # of lanes • Parkingconditions • Link charcteristicds • Observedvolumes/speeds • Free-flowspeeds • etc.

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