The Ubiquitous Web

1. The Ubiquitous Web Eunchae Yoon

2. Contents • What is Ubiquitous computing? • What is Ubiquitous Web? • Ubiquitous computing with web technologies • Current Status of Web Services in u-Environment • Issues in Ubiquitous Web Services School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

3. What is Ubiquitous computing? School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

4. Ubiquitous • Ubiquitous. [adj] • 1. (seemingly) present everywhere simultaneously. • 2. often encountered [Latin ubique everywhere] Oxford English Dictionary School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

5. Ubiquitous Computing(1) • Ubiquitous computing represents a powerful shift in computation, where people live, work, and play in a seamlessly interweaving computing environment. • Ubiquitous computing postulates a world where people are surrounded by computing devices and a computing infrastructure that supports us in everything we do. Mark Weiser, The Computer of the 21st Century, Scientific American, Sept 1991. School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

6. Ubiquitous Computing(2) • The grand objective: enhance computer use by making many computers available throughout the physical environment, but making them effectively invisible to the user • Pushing computational services out of conventional desktop interfaces into environments characterized by transparent forms of interactivity • Recently has been accelerated by improved wireless telecommunication capabilities, open networks, continued increases in computing power, improved battery technology, and the emergence of flexible software architectures Weiser, CACM, 1993 School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

7. Characteristics of ubiquitous environments • In the near future, an enormous number of RFID tags, sensors, and other heterogeneous small devices will be embedded in the real world • Events are provided, or often triggered, based on physical conditions-> Real-time processing of large amount of data • Services need to know the real-world status and users situations-> Context awareness • Services are provided when a user is not expecting them -> Intrusive or invisible • Devices will constitute a global, open, dynamic networking infrastructure-> The devices need to be coordinated for better interactions School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

8. Trends • Increasing variety of devices being connected to networks, not just desktops and cell phones • First in offices, and now in homes • Ubiquitous Open Platform Forum • Tokyo, February 2004: 14 electric appliance companies working collectively to promote Internet accessible electrical appliances • The Web needs to encompass a much wider range of devices School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

9. Being ubiquitous… School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

10. Smart Medical Home Center for Future Health, University of Rochester School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

11. Smart Blister Pack CUCN, 2004 (Originally from Institute for Pervasive Computing) School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

12. What is Ubiquitous Web? School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

13. Ubiquitous Web(1) • The Ubiquitous Web seeks to broaden the capabilities of browsers to enable new kinds of web applications, particularly those involving coordination with other devices. • Some examples include connecting a camera phone to a nearby printer, using a cell phone to give a business presentation with a wireless projector, and viewing your mailbox while listening to your messages. Dave Raggett, W3C Technical Plenary, March 2005 School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

14. Ubiquitous Web(2) • These applications involve identifying resources and managing them within the context of an application session. The resources can be remote as in a network printer and projector, or local, as in the estimated battery life, network signal strength, and audio volume level. • The Ubiquitous Web will provide a framework for exposing device coordination capabilities to Web applications. Dave Raggett, W3C Technical Plenary, March 2005 School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

15. Dimensions of ubiquitous computing CACM, 2002 School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

16. Mobile Web • Everybody has a cell phone • Specialized mobile web – WAP (+ WML) • Mobile web now extends normal web • Location-aware services • Mobile Web Applications • Applications that run in a browser or communicate via standard web protocols • Some possible scenarios • News and information • Commerce (e.g. shopping or banking) • Connected gaming experiences Jacek Kopecký, deri.org School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

17. Embedded Web • The Embedded Internet revolution is under way • Exploit the Internet infrastructure for connectivity (Distance is no longer an issue) • Adapt Internet protocols for embedded use • Export the User Interface to the web browser • Embedded Web Servers School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

18. Ubiquitous computing with web technologies School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

19. Requirements • Dynamically adapt to user preferences, device capabilities and environmental conditions • Extend device capabilities through access to resources available via the network • Respond to events over the network from servers and other devices • Enable applications involving multiple devices • Manage resources in terms of temporary and persistent sessions Dave Raggett, W3C Technical Plenary, March 2005 School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

20. Enabling Technologies • IDL for describing interfaces for distributed systems and as used for the W3C DOM • URIs for naming resources, sessions and interfaces • Semantic Web for ontologies describing device capabilities • Web Services for passing commands and events • Existing device coordination mechanisms Dave Raggett, W3C Technical Plenary, March 2005 School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

21. Current Status of Web Services in u-Environment School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

22. UPnP 2.0 • Universal Plug and Play • Communication Protocol: SOAP 2.0 • Device and Service Description: WSDL 2.0 • Discovery: WS-Discovery Doek-ki Min, Konkuk Univ. School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

23. NETCONF • IETF WG • Chartered to produce a protocol suitable for network configuration • draft-ietf-netconf-soap-03 (Sep, 2004): Using the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) Over the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) • implementing NETCONF protocol as a SOAP-based web service School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

24. Parlay group • Parlay X web services(June, 2004): Intended to stimulate the development of next generation network applications by IT developers who are not necessarily experts in telecommunications School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

25. Microsoft’s invisible computings • A software platform for low cost embedded systems that communicate with each other and with big computers • XML Web services • Flexible development for multiple platforms • Interoperation with small and big computers • Security and privacy • Real-Time & Energy aware • Low parts cost (targeted for <= $5 computer) School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

26. School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

27. Issues in Ubiquitous Web Services School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

28. Big challenges in ubiquitous web services • Interoperability • Embedding • Performance • Service provision • Service consumption Jonghun Park, Seoul National Univ. School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

29. Issues in ubiquitous web services(1) • Dynamic discovery • Can the directory based discovery mechanism such as UDDI still work? • Do we need something like PnP or P2P mechanisms? • Dynamic binding, composition, and coordination • How to address the problem of service interface changes? • How to dynamically compose the ubiquitous services on-the-fly? • How to efficiently (in a distributed manner) coordinate / broker UWSs? • What are the effective means to support the collaboration between UWSs at runtime? Jonghun Park, Seoul National Univ. School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

30. Issues in ubiquitous web services (2) • Location-based services • Support of MIPs • Fusion of multi-dimensional information • Context awareness • Need for ontology on the real-world • Interoperable semantics • Performance • Emergence of real-time WS • What to embed into small devices? • And how? Web services on chip? (Parser + SOAP processor + Security) Jonghun Park, Seoul National Univ. School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

31. Issues in ubiquitous web services (3) • Interoperation with old and new systems • How to interoperate with the existing (i.e., traditional) web services and other middleware systems? • How can we make them work on IPv6? • Interoperation with portals and portlets • Ubiquitous web services middleware • Real-time, event-driven, stream-like messages • Dealing with heterogeneity between the middleware • Domain specialization • USN, telematics, home networking, … • Leadership in standardization • Business models and killer services Jonghun Park, Seoul National Univ. School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

32. References • Dave Raggett, “The Ubiquitous Web”, W3C Technical Plenary, March 2005 • Piazza del Carmine, “Ubiquitous Web Applications”, UWA Consortium • Kimmo Salmenjoki , “Ubiquitous Computing (with personal information, web services and XML)” • Jonghyun Park, “유비쿼터스 웹 서비스의 진화와 발전 로드맵” • NETCONF(http://ops.ietf.org/netconf/) • Parlay group (http://www.parlay.org/specs/library/index.asp) School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon

33. Questions? School of Engineering, Eunchae Yoon