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Psychological Measurements in Sport and Exercise

Psychological Measurements in Sport and Exercise. HPER 3150 Dr. Ayers. Affective Domain. Trait vs. State Stable/Consistent Situational General vs. Sport Specific TEOSQ Anxiety Assessment for Wrestlers Dimensionality Hard to isolate one component of most characteristics.

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Psychological Measurements in Sport and Exercise

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  1. Psychological Measurements in Sport and Exercise HPER 3150 Dr. Ayers

  2. Affective Domain • Trait vs. State • Stable/ConsistentSituational • General vs. Sport Specific TEOSQ Anxiety Assessment for Wrestlers • Dimensionality • Hard to isolate one component of most characteristics

  3. Cautions • Measurement errors • One's own knowledge • Test purpose • Used how? Shared with whom? • Team selection • Participant feedback

  4. Measurement in theAffective Domain Quantitative (#s) Likert scales Semantic Differential

  5. Likert Scales • Assume equal response intervals • Widely used in attitude inventories • Allow wider choice of expression than Y/N • Using multiple intervals can improve reliability

  6. Table 14-1: Scaled Responses

  7. Semantic Differential Scales • Use bipolar adjectives (extremes) • Choose point between extremes to reflect feelings • Three factors measured with these scales • Evaluation (degree of goodness) • Potency (strength of concept being rated) • Activity (describe action; static/dynamic nature of concept)

  8. Semantic Differential Evaluation Pleasant Unpleasant Fair Unfair Honest Dishonest Good Bad Successful Unsuccessful Useful Useless

  9. Semantic Differential Potency Strong Weak Hard Soft Heavy Light Dominant Submissive Rugged Delicate Dirty Clean

  10. Semantic Differential Activity Steady Nervous Happy Sad Active Passive Dynamic Static Stationary Moving Fast Slow

  11. Table 14-2Semantic Differential Scales

  12. Measurement in theAffective Domain Qualitative (descriptors) Interviews Good listener Tape record or take notes Observation Videotape Be unobtrusive

  13. Scales used in Sport andExercise Psychology • Sport Competition Anxiety Scale (p. 351) • Competitive State Anxiety Inventory – 2 (p. 354-5) • Attitudes Toward Physical Activity (p. 357) • Children's Attitude Toward Physical Activity (p. 359) • Physical Estimation and Attraction Scale (p. 359) • Trait and State Sport Confidence Inventories (p. 360) • Group Environment Questionnaire (p. 362; Ex Phys)

  14. Kenyon’s Attitude TowardPhysical Activity (ATPA) • Social experience • Health and Fitness • Pursuit of vertigo (thrill/excitement) • Aesthetic experience • Catharsis • Ascetic experience (self-denial; work) 6 Dimensions of ATPA:

  15. General Psychological Scales Used inSport and Exercise • Self-Motivation Inventory (p. 364; useful for Ex Phys program leaders  drop-outs) • Profile of Mood States (p. 365; individualize) • Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style (p.366) • Width (broad to narrow) • Direction (internal to external)

  16. Stages of Change for Exerciseand Physical Activity(p. 367) • PrecontemplationNo intention to change behavior • ContemplationIntention to change behavior • PreparationPreparing for action • ActionInvolved in behavior change • MaintenanceSustain behavior change • Mastery Item 14.13, p. 368

  17. Tell a friend one thing you can use psychological assessments for in your profession. Decide what tool you would realistically use and bring a copy of that inventory to next class: • COMPLETE instrument • Administration instructions • Scoring instructions & tally sheet (if needed) • Validity & reliability information

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