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Shiree Lesson Learning Workshop 22 nd -24 th April, 2012 Caritas, Banderban

Shiree Lesson Learning Workshop 22 nd -24 th April, 2012 Caritas, Banderban. ____________________________ Defining and measuring ‘ graduation’ – beneficiaries lifting themselves out from extreme poverty. Why do we need to discuss graduation?. shiree’s log frame purpose is:

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Shiree Lesson Learning Workshop 22 nd -24 th April, 2012 Caritas, Banderban

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  1. Shiree Lesson Learning Workshop22nd-24th April, 2012Caritas, Banderban

    ____________________________ Defining and measuring ‘graduation’ – beneficiaries lifting themselves out from extreme poverty
  2. Why do we need to discuss graduation? shiree’s log frame purpose is: 1 million people in EEP targeted areas have lifted themselves out of extreme poverty by 2015 We need to understand : What ‘graduation’/lifting out of extreme poverty is How we measure it Immediate need to report to DFID “graduation figures” Broader objective to see whether objectives are being met and where resources can be targeted. NOT the same as an assessing impact =
  3. Graduation from what?Defining extreme poverty What is extreme poverty? How do you define it?
  4. Graduation from what?Defining extreme poverty Extreme poverty is defined with HIES data using the ‘cost of basic needs approach’. Methodology: Calculate how much someone has to spend to consume 2122 kcal a day – food poverty line Take a sample of the households whose food expenditure is this amount, and average their non-food expenditure Add the food and non food amount = upper poverty line A sample of households with a total (food and non food) expenditure approximate to the food poverty line are taken. An average of their non food expenditure is taken and added to the food poverty line, creating the“lower poverty line” – this is the extreme poor
  5. Defining extreme poverty Originally DFID took a proportion of those under the lower poverty line using HIES 2005 data (inflation adjusted to 2009) and called them the extreme poor – hence the national income per person per day (pppd) was defined as 22 taka per day. What are the income figures now?
  6. Defining extreme poverty Extreme poverty income/expenditure line pppd, 2010 and 2011
  7. Defining extreme poverty Extreme poverty is broader, described in terms of characteristics: Very vulnerable Low human capital (education, health) Low or zero physical assets: Landless, no livestock, no business etc – day labourers/beggars Weak social network or support (family, community, social services) Selection criteria combine both income and other characteristics to capture extreme poor, often focusing on income, assets and nutrition.
  8. How should we measure ‘graduation’? What do you think?
  9. How should we measure ‘graduation’? Shiree conducted a survey with partners, focus on nutrition, assets and income
  10. How should we measure ‘graduation’? But lots of variation! No agreement on how exactly to measure.
  11. How should we measure ‘graduation’? What do other extreme poverty programmes do?
  12. How should we measure ‘graduation’? Criteria relate closely to interventions – BRAC and CLP have a very high direct delivery per household and comprehensive interventions (health, watsan, housing etc). Generally different from shiree partner NGOs models. Many indicators used might not accurately capture whether a beneficiaries is lifted out of extreme poverty. For example: WATSAN – 71.7% of shiree beneficiaries use hand tube well Sanitary latrine – 35% open/bush/hanging . General reduction in open defecation in BD. Child schooling – 78% households send children to school
  13. How should we measure ‘graduation’? Proposal to focus on income, assets and nutrition/food security. Why? Many other indicators may not accurately capture the movement out of extreme poverty Shiree is a economic empowerment programme – justifies focusing on assets and income Partner NGOs suggestions focused on income, assets and nutrition
  14. How should we measure ‘graduation’? Income Should we use the updated figures? On average in rural areas 48 taka pppd. In urban areas 50 taka pppd. Assets Should we set a monetary threshold? Should we indicate a % increase in value of assets? Suggestion: does the household have productive or non productive assets or cash savings greater than the value originally transferred to them? Nutrition/food security Quality of food? Quantity of food? Frequency of meals? Suggestion: does the household have sufficient food to meet its needs?
  15. Graduation discussion Thank you! Open discussion/Q & A
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