Economic Development and Democratization

1. Economic Development and Democratization Martin S. Lipset

2. Determinants of Democracy • Economic Development • Wealth • Industrialization • Urbanization • Education

3. Some Statistics Based on Sector • The average percentage of employed males working in agriculture and related occupations was 21 in the "more democratic" European countries, and 41 in the ('less democratic," 52 in the '(less dictatorial" Latin American countries, and 67 in the "more dictatorial."

4. Some Statistics Literacy Level • The "more democratic" countries of Europe are almost entirely literate: the lomrest has a rate of 96 per cent, while the "less democratic" nations have an average literacy rate of 85 per cent.

5. Urbanization and Democracy In Europe Nazis were supported by the small more traditional towns Communists were supported by workers in big cities

6. Urbanization and Literacy • Comparing Egypt with Turkey

7. Sequence of Events • First phase: urbanization • Second phase: literacy ==> media ==> more literacy • Third phase: a few literate people==> mass communication, radios, and technology ==> more literacy • Finally: Industrialization

8. Inequalities • Countries with higher inequalities ==> less democratic • Countries with lower inequalities ==> more democratic

9. A crisis of legitimacy is a crisis of change • Crisis of legitimacy generally emerge during political transitions • The place of religion in public • The inclusion of the lower strata, workers, and new ideologies • Competition over the national resources