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World War II

World War II. The Unfinished Business Of The Great War. The Road to World War II. Pablo Picasso – Cubist Painting Guernica, 1937 What is he communicating?. Hitler & Poland. Lebensraum Polish Corridor Goal = German Unification. War in Europe: Phase I. Invasion of Poland 9/1/1939

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World War II

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  1. World War II The Unfinished Business Of The Great War

  2. The Road to World War II

  3. Pablo Picasso – Cubist PaintingGuernica, 1937What is he communicating?

  4. Hitler & Poland • Lebensraum • Polish Corridor • Goal = German Unification

  5. War in Europe: Phase I • Invasion of Poland 9/1/1939 • Nazi Blitzkrieg • Air attack • Armor • Infantry • USSR Expands per Nazi-Soviet Pact • Eastern Poland • Baltic nations • Finland • Sitzkrieg = Phony War

  6. War in Europe: Blitzkrieg Phase II 1940 • Invasion of Scandinavia • Norway & Denmark • Invasion of Low Countries • Holland, Belgium & Luxembourg • Invasion of France • Dunkirk (G’s Mistake) • Capture of Paris • Occupied France v. Vichy France

  7. WW II: Phase II… continued • Operation Sea Lion >> Battle of Britain • GB is isolated, Nazi controls Continent… • Prime Minister Churchill… “finest hour” • US is neutral… isolationism… but WC + FDR deal… • Cash & Carry > Destroyer Deal > Lend Lease > Atlantic Charter • Nazi Luftwaffe bombs military targets…oops, civilians too! • GB bombs Berlin… Hitler angry  • Nazi bombing shifts to London • the Blitz… day & night bombings • RAF defends with help of RADAR • Hitler abandons plan…

  8. Operation BarbarossaJune 1941 • Hitler invades USSR • Stalin unprepared • Scorched Earth Plan • Siege of Leningrad • 9/41 >> survival • Moscow • 10/41 >> WINTER!! • Stalingrad = oil fields • 8/41 >> 2/42 • Urban Warfare • Soviets defend & drive Nazis back = turning point

  9. WW II – The Pacific TheaterJapan v. US • Japan expanded into Indochina & SE Asia • Japanese aggression >> US Embargo… no more oil • Gen. Tojo • Takes control of Japan • Envoys negotiating peace in Washington, DC… • 12/7/1941 J surprise attack on Pearl Harbor… plus Hong Kong (GB), Wake (US), Guam (US) & Thailand • “… a day which will live in infamy”

  10. The Effect of Pearl Harbor Attack • US declares war 12/8/1941 on Japan • G & Italy declare war on US… vice versa • US Entry into WW2! • 1942 Japanese victories… • Philippines…Bataan • Singapore & Malaysia • Dutch East Indies • Doolittle B-25 Raid 4/1942 • US deciding on focus point & strategy…

  11. 1942A Big Year for the Allies • European Theater • Aug 42 – Stalingrad • Oct 42 – El Alamein • Nov 42 • Operation Torch (US) • Gen Eisenhower • Pacific Theater • May 42 – Coral Sea • June 42 – Midway • Island Hopping • Gen. MacArthur • Aug 42 – Guadalcanal

  12. The Big Meetings • 1941 = Atlantic Charter by FDR/WC • Idealistic statement of goals • Freedom from want & tyranny • Freedom of seas, religion & sovereignty • 1943 = Casablanca Conference – FDR/WC • Unconditional Surrender demanded • 1943 = Teheran Conference – FDR/WC/JS • G to be disarmed & occupied • 1945 = Yalta Conference – FDR/WC/JS • Postwar agreements – UN, G divided, R>J, Eastern European governments

  13. Operation Overlord = D-Day • Invasion of France • 6/6/1944 • Allied Foothold > Liberation of France > Germany

  14. Big Meetings… • Potsdam Conference • HST (FDR now dead), Stalin & GB (no WC) • Demand for “unconditional surrender” of Japan (?) • Ultimatum to Japan … no response… A-Bombs away… • Tension HST <> Stalin

  15. The Home Front • Role of Women • Industrial jobs • Spies & Support • Raising Citizens • Propaganda • Ideology • Censorship • Raising Money • Bonds & Taxes • Rationing

  16. The End of WW2 • Europe • D-Day > March to Berlin • US controls western Europe • USSR controls eastern Europe • Hitler and other key Nazis commit suicide • War Crimes Trials “Crimes Against Humanity” • Pacific • Island Hopping to Tokyo • Firebombing of Tokyo • Invasion or bomb? • August 1945 • Hiroshima • Nagasaki • J Surrenders • War Crimes Trials

  17. Now What? • How will the world change as a result of this war? • Europe? • Asia? • Africa? • Middle East? • Western Hemisphere?

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