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19.03.2013 Brussels Veikko Saksi FINLAND

Karelia Stolen Territory. 19.03.2013 Brussels Veikko Saksi FINLAND. Undersigning of Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact 23.08.1939. The Soviet Partners. During the Winter War , SU was political , military and economic partner of Germany

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19.03.2013 Brussels Veikko Saksi FINLAND

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  1. Karelia Stolen Territory 19.03.2013 Brussels Veikko Saksi FINLAND

  2. Undersigning of Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact 23.08.1939

  3. The Soviet Partners • During the Winter War, SU was political, military and economic partner of Germany • During the Continuation War, SU was political, military and economic partner of the USA and GB

  4. The three Big Partners

  5. The Soviet Attacks • SU broke broke several int’l laws: Haag conventions, Kellogg-Briand Pact, Anti-War Treaty • SU broke mutual agreements: Tartu Peace Treaty 1920, Soviet-Finnish Non-Aggression Pact 1932 (and 1934)

  6. Results of the attacks • SU attacked Finland in 1939 and 1941 • 90,000 dead • 250,000 wounded • 45,000 km2 territorial loss (13.3 %) • Totally 800,000 evacuated (of 3.5M), some 3 times

  7. The Ceded Territories

  8. Use of violence • SU occupied 1/3 of the territory that it took in the Paris Peace Treaty • A violent agreement: a party uses or threats to use violence • Finland was not capitulated

  9. Internal evacuation • People from Karelia, Pechenga and other ceded territories were internally evacuated in different parts of Finland • This was a huge task but it possibly later saved Finland

  10. This is not deportation, but evacuation of Finnish people by train

  11. Evacuation of children • About 80,000 children were evacuated to Sweden, Norway, Denmark • 20,000 of these children were “lost” • About 30,000 war widows

  12. Economic figures • Finland was to cover expenses of the wars started by the Soviet Union: • War remedies (GNP basis) 50 – 60B € • Total economic burden of the wars almost 500B € (GNP basis) • The US Lend-lease (GNP basis) 2,200B USD

  13. Later effect • Effects of the Allied Control Commission • Soviet effects in political and economic system • 62 % of Finns are still Russophobes • Causation of Finlandization • Causation of current Finnofobia

  14. The Control Commission had a great influence in war quilt judgement and politics

  15. International security • The most important consequence of the Soviet aggressions is the lack of trust • Solving of the old totalitarian crimes create more secure future for the total world

  16. A better future for our children Thank you for your time!

  17. Russian/Soviet crimes

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