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05. Information Systems (IS)

05. Information Systems (IS). Rev: Feb, 2014 Euiho (David) Suh , Ph.D. POSTECH Strategic Management of Information and Technology Laboratory (POSMIT: http://posmit.postech.ac.kr) Dept. of Industrial & Management Engineering POSTECH. Contents. Data. The transformation process.

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05. Information Systems (IS)

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  1. 05. Information Systems (IS) • Rev: Feb, 2014 • Euiho (David) Suh, Ph.D. • POSTECH Strategic Management of Information and Technology Laboratory • (POSMIT: http://posmit.postech.ac.kr) • Dept. of Industrial & Management EngineeringPOSTECH

  2. Contents

  3. Data The transformation process Information 1. Information Systems 1) Introduction What is Information? • Definition of Data • Raw facts, typically about physical phenomena or business transactions • Specifically, objective measurements of the attributes of entities such as number, name, etc. • Definition of Information Facts that are organized and arranged in a meaningful manner. • Data vs. Information (statistical analysis) • Attributes of information • Accuracy • Timeliness • Relevance • Completeness • Reliability • Simplicity • Verifiability • Flexibility • Economy

  4. 1. Information Systems 1) Introduction What is a System? • Definition of System • A set of interrelated components, with a clearly defined boundary, working together to achieve a common set of objectives by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an organized transformation process

  5. 1. Information Systems 1) Introduction What is an Information System? Information System • Definition of Information System • A set of interrelated components which are to collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization

  6. 1. Information Systems 1) Introduction The view of Information Systems View Point 1 Data Information Decision Aids Knowledge Reasoning Statistical Analysis Math Analysis View Point 2 View Point 3 H Strategic Value EIS/ESS ? Extreme top E R P DSS Top IPS ? Middle TPS low L OAS Extreme low L H IS Expansion

  7. 1. Information Systems 1) Introduction What Does an Information System Do? Input of data Information generating Output First Step Second Step Third Step • An information system performs three general activities • It accepts data from sources as input • It acts on data to process(produce) information : information generating system • The system outputs the information for the user, manager or staff member • Information System Process

  8. 1. Information Systems 2) Components of IS Components of Information System (1/3) Does an Information System Need Computer?

  9. 1. Information Systems 2) Components of IS Components of Information System (2/3) A set of people, data, procedure to provide useful information People Data Communication of information Information System Procedure Management of activities Decision making Network Hardware Software

  10. 1. Information Systems 2) Components of IS Components of Information System (3/3) • Fund on deposit • Loan balance • Balance financial plan • Loan portfolio Banking database Processor Computer based loan information systems Economic database • Information supplied by applicant for loan • Financial status • Loan details • Employment status • Employment data • Economic data E.g. Components of a Loan Information System

  11. 1. Information Systems 3) General role of IS Why do we study Information Systems? (1/2) Collect, distribute, analyze Data Why? Get information Why? Remove uncertainty Why? Make a good decision Why? Store knowledge

  12. 1. Information Systems 3) General role of IS Why do we study Information Systems? (2/2) Improves efficiency and effectiveness of business processes Vital component of successful businesses Strengthens competitive position in rapidly changing marketplaces Facilitates managerial decision making & workgroup collaboration

  13. 1. Information Systems 3) General role of IS Benefits and Uses of Information Systems Product • Added Value to Products (Goods & Services) • Higher-quality Products Labor • Improved health care & communications • Reduced labor requirements & costs Management • Increased efficiency & productivity • Superior financial decision making, control over, operations, and managerial decision making Quality • Fewer errors • Greater accuracy • Better Safety & Service

  14. 2. Information Systems in Management 1) Problem types Problem Types Definite Output Problem Structure Input Structured Problem Fuzzy Output Problem Structure Input Unstructured Problem User dependent Output Problem Structure Input Semi-structured Problem User Interaction User

  15. 2. Information Systems in Management 2) The relationship between IS and Management What types of Information Systems Exist?

  16. 2. Information Systems in Management 2) The relationship between IS and Management Evolution of IS

  17. 2. Information Systems in Management 3) The role of IS in Management A Business Perspective on Information Systems Organizations Technology Information Systems Management

  18. 2. Information Systems in Management 3) The role of IS in Management Technical & Behavioral Approaches to MIS Technical Approaches Operations Research Computer Science MIS Management Science Sociology Political Science Psychology Behavioral Approaches

  19. Reference O’Brien & Marakas, “Introduction to Information Systems – Sixteenth Edition”, McGraw – Hill, Chapter 1 EuihoSuh, “Introduction to Information Systems (PPT Slide)”, POSMIT Lab. (POSTECH Strategic Management of Information and Technology Laboratory) EuihoSuh, “Information & Management (PPT Slide)”, POSMIT Lab. (POSTECH Strategic Management of Information and Technology Laboratory)

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