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MUSCULAR SYSTEM

MUSCULAR SYSTEM. General Information. Muscles account for 50% of body weight Protects organs What organs? Gives body shape and posture Provides movement Muscles contract to cause the movement How many muscles in human body? Over 600 muscles Changes potential energy into kinetic energy

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MUSCULAR SYSTEM

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  1. MUSCULAR SYSTEM

  2. General Information • Muscles account for 50% of body weight • Protects organs • What organs? • Gives body shape and posture • Provides movement • Muscles contract to cause the movement • How many muscles in human body? • Over 600 muscles • Changes potential energy into kinetic energy • POTENTIAL ENERGY- is energy that is stored within an object (in this case our muscles), not in motion but capable of becoming active • KINETIC ENERGY - energy in motion

  3. Parts of the muscle • Origin • The less movable of the two attachments • Belly • The fleshy center part of the muscle • Insertion • The more movable attachment • Where movement takes place • Picture

  4. TENDONS ATTACH MUSCLES TO BONES

  5. TYPES OF MUSCLE • VOLUNTARY • Muscles that you have control over • Skeletal • INVOLUNTARY • Can contract without you telling it to • The brain mainly controls these types of movements • Smooth • CARDIAC • Heart

  6. Help control breathing, blood pressure, and the movements of the digestive system Reacts slowly Tires slowly Smooth Muscle

  7. Cardiac Muscle • Also is an involuntary muscle • Hardest working muscle in body • Contraction of cardiac muscle fibers make the heart beat

  8. Skeletal Muscle • Associated with the bones of the body • Moves the skeleton (bones) • Fast and powerful movements • Tire quickly • Composition of skeletal muscle • Fiber: individual muscle cell, can be up to 1 foot long. • Bundle: a group of muscle fibers • Skeletal muscle is made up of a group of bundles

  9. Action of Skeletal Muscles • Muscles work by contracting (shortening) • Muscles always work in pairs. • Ex: Biceps and Triceps • One contracts while other extends • Skeletal muscles contract only when they receive a message from a nerve to do so. • Nerves message is carried from brain and spinal cord to muscle

  10. Action (ALL or NONE) • No such thing as a weak or strong contraction of a muscle fiber • When a muscle fiber receives a message to contract it does so • Strength of muscle contraction depends on how many muscle fibers receive the message to contract

  11. Major Muscles and What They Move • Sternocleidomastoid • Turns head • Deltoid • Raises upper arm • Pectorals • Moves arms across chest • Biceps • Raises lower arm • Rectus abdonimis • Flexes torso • External obliques • Assists in breathing • Quadriceps • Straightens and raises leg

  12. Major Muscles and What They Move • Trapezius • Raises shoulder • Latissimus Dorsi • Lowers upper arm • Triceps • Lowers Forearm • Gluteus Maximus • Extends thigh • Hamstrings • Bends leg at knee • Gastrocnemius • Extends or lowers foot

  13. How do your muscles getBIGGER?!?! • Discuss with your partner next to you the following question: • How do your muscles get bigger?

  14. BIGGER MUSCLES (continued) • When you work out your muscles cells (muscle fibers) get bigger • They get bigger by creating small “tears” in the muscle fiber • Your muscle rebuilds muscle in the tear filling in the open gap

  15. Group Discussion • If you were to work out and have big muscles and then one day stop working out, do your muscles turn into fat? Explain why they do or why they do not.

  16. Problems of the Muscular System • Torn Muscle • Muscle has been torn or pulled away from the bone or has been damaged within itself • Results from overworking muscle or a severe or suddenly pull or strain on a muscle • May require surgery and takes up to 3-4 months to heal • Muscle Strain • Any type of soreness that develops in a muscle because of overuse. It is caused by small tears to the muscle or tendon • Takes anywhere from 1-3 weeks to heal

  17. Problems of the Muscular System • Cramped Muscle • Muscle will involuntarily remain contracted rather than relaxed • Prevention: • Stretching before and after activity • Hydrate (H20 and electrolytes) • Avoid excessive exercise in hot weather • Remedies: • Stretch, rest, and more H20 • Muscular Dystrophy • group of disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and loss of muscle tissue • Occurs because bodies inability to produce proteins for muscle production • No cure but ways to better lives of people with disorder • Genetic Disorder

  18. STEROIDS • How Do Anabolic Steroids Work? • Anabolic steroids are drugs that resemble the chemical structure of the body's natural sex hormone testosterone, which is made naturally by the body. • Testosterone directs the body to produce or enhance male characteristics such as increased muscle mass, facial hair growth, and deepening of the voice, and is an important part of male development during puberty. • When anabolic steroids increase the levels of testosterone in the blood, they stimulate muscle tissue in the body to grow larger and stronger. • However, the effects of too much testosterone circulating in the body can be harmful over time.

  19. Physical Start to develop traits of the opposite sex Oily Skin Severe Acne Heart Problems Problems with: Liver Kidney Muscles Bones Mental/Emotional Mentally Addicting Depression Suicide Roid Rage When a person becomes extremely violent and aggressive Self Absorbed Don’t care about anyone or anything else DANGERS OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS

  20. Taking Care of Your Muscles • Nutrition • Eat a variety of foods • Aerobic Exercise • Running, swimming, cycling • Strength Training • Weight Lifting • Stretching • Before and after exercise

  21. BMI • BMI Calculator

  22. http://3dscience.com/sub-category.asp?cID=18 • http://www.jdenuno.com/6~Muscles.htm • http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/science/biological_sciences/lab15/biolab15_2.html#Muscular

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