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The development of russia

The development of russia. APEH, chapter 16. Russia becomes sovereign. Slavic Princes had served the Mongol’s – paid homage These are local rulers of various regions through what is today Russia, between Adriatic Sea and Caucus Mnts

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The development of russia

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  1. The development of russia APEH, chapter 16

  2. Russia becomes sovereign • Slavic Princes had served the Mongol’s – paid homage • These are local rulers of various regions through what is today Russia, between Adriatic Sea and Caucus Mnts • Ivan (III) the Great expanded the principality of Moscow and stopped acknowledging the Mongol Khans • Declared himself the autocrat of Moscow/Russia • Forced weaker Slavic principalities to pay tribute to him • Instituted a tax system, postal route, and census • Received support from the Boyars (nobles)

  3. Russia • Ivan IV (1533-1584) • Took title “Czar” (Caesar) • Expanded territories east • Reduced Boyar’s, nobility’s, power

  4. Ivan IV  TERRIBLE! • Ivan the Terrible • 1560s: Ivan changes • Became suspicious of his closest advisors • Created a private police force to punish opposition • 1565: seized land from 12,000 boyars • Killed thousands in Novgorod, suspected they wanted to separate from Russia • 1581: killed his own son

  5. Russia • “Time of Troubles” many rulers because of lack of heir • 1613: Michael Romanov crowned czar

  6. Russia • Russia dominated by landed aristocrats • Abundance of land, shortage of peasants made serfdom ideal for nobles • Bound peasants to the land • Merchants not allowed to move from cities

  7. RUSSIA • Peter I • 1682: became czar as child, sister ruled until he was 17 • 6’9, coarse and crude • 1697-1698: traveled west in disguise • Realized Russia was backward • Introduced reforms and Western ideals • Labored side-by-side with thousands of carpenters building a navy

  8. Peter the Great’s Reforms • Reorganized the government • 1711: creates Senate to supervise administration while he is away on military campaigns • Creates boards of administrations for specific functions • Foreign affairs, war, justice • Divided Russia into fifty provinces • 1722: Table of Ranks- creates opportunities for non-nobles to serve and join nobility • Nobility based on merit?! • Tried to adopt mercantilism but large military required raising taxes

  9. Peter the Great’s Reforms • Peter’s main goal at Westernization was to make Russia a military power • “window to the West” – port easily accessible to West • Baltic Sea only option – controlled by Sweden • Great Northern War (1701-1721) • Peace of Nystadt- Russia acquired Estonia, Livonia, Karelia; Sweden became second rate power • Peter built St. Petersburg on Baltic Charles XII

  10. “English Embankment,” St. Petersburg, Russia

  11. Palace Square, St. Petersburg

  12. Church of the Savior on Spilt Blood,St. Petersburg, Russia

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