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Unit 5: Regional Developments and Connections: Byzantium, Russia and Asia Lesson 1: The Byzantine Empire

Unit 5: Regional Developments and Connections: Byzantium, Russia and Asia Lesson 1: The Byzantine Empire. Lesson Title: The Byzantine Empire Lesson Question: What were the main developments in the three general periods of Byzantine history?

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Unit 5: Regional Developments and Connections: Byzantium, Russia and Asia Lesson 1: The Byzantine Empire

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  1. Unit 5: Regional Developments and Connections: Byzantium, Russia and AsiaLesson 1: The Byzantine Empire

  2. Lesson Title: The Byzantine Empire Lesson Question: What were the main developments in the three general periods of Byzantine history? Lesson Objective: The students will be able to organize chronologically the main developments in Byzantine history and understand the distinct role of Byzantium in the Post-Classical period.

  3. The Byzantine Empire 330-1453 C.E. First Period 330-641 C.E.: Heir to Ancient Rome Byzantine administration Lay literacy Byzantine economy Commerce and urbanization Free Peasantry Justinian r. 527-565 C.E. Codex Justinianus Byzantine Architecture: Hagia Sophia Reconquest of the West Second Period 642-1071: Unique Orthodox Identity Foreign attack Sassanids & Muslims Yarmuk 636 Constantinople 677 & 717 Leo III & Greek Fire Bulgars & Avars Religious identity Doctrinal disputes Iconoclasm 727 Leo III (717-741) & Constantine V (741-775) Islam & Monastaries Great Schism 1054 Third Period 1071-1453: Survival Landed aristocracy 1025 Manzikert 1071 & Fourth Crusade 1204 Ottoman Turks Varna 1444 Siege of Constantinople 1453

  4. Byzantine Mosaic: Justinian

  5. Byzantine Mosaic: Theodora

  6. Justinian’s Reconquest

  7. Land Walls of Constantinople

  8. Hagia Sophia

  9. The Dome of Hagia Sophia

  10. Greek Fire

  11. The Byzantine Empire in 867

  12. Byzantine Icon

  13. Byzantine Icons

  14. Byzantine Icon

  15. The Byzantine Empire in 1025

  16. Latin Crusader States

  17. The Byzantine Empire in 1263

  18. The Byzantine Empire in 1375

  19. The Byzantine Empire in 1430

  20. Justinian’s reconquest of the Western Roman Empire brought all of the following areas under Byzantine control EXCEPT: • North Africa • France • Italy • Southeast Spain • Sicily

  21. 2. The policies of Leo III and Constantine V suggest that both of these emperors considered _______ a threat to their power. • The Normans • The Pope • Monastaries • The Landed Aristocracy • The Venetians

  22. 3. The Byzantine practice of lay education had beneficial effects on: • The Byzantine government • The Byzantine army • The Orthodox Church • Byzantine commerce • Byzantine gender relations

  23. 4. After retaking Constantinople from European crusaders in 1261, the Byzantine Empire tried to defend itself against its enemies by: • Creating the incendiary substance Greek Fire. • Enlisting the help of the Venetian navy. • Allying with the Ottoman Turks in Anatolia. • Appealing to the Pope for European military assistance. • Moving the capital to the more defensible city of Nicaea.

  24. 5. The Byzantine Empire’s continued identification with ancient Rome in its early centuries is best reflected in: • The policies of iconoclasm • The Great Schism • Its profitable commerce and urban character • The Codex Justinianus • Its free peasantry

  25. Procopius (c. 500-565 C.E.): Born in Caesarea (in modern Israel), Procopius was educated in the Greek classics and trained as a lawyer. In 527 he became the legal advisor for Belisarius, Justinian’s chief military commander, during his campaigns in North Africa and Italy. At a certain point, probably in the early 540s, Procopius was no longer on Belisarius’ staff. Later, Belisarius himself was implicated in a conspiracy against Justinian and removed from command.

  26. San Vitale Mosaics

  27. Justinian

  28. Theodora

  29. San Vitale Mosaic: Justinian Barberini Ivory

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