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2011 Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Management in Cotton

2011 Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Management in Cotton. Culpepper, Steckel, York. GR Pigweed in the Mid-south and Southeast. Illinois. Missouri. N Carolina. Tennessee. Arkansas. S Carolina. Mississippi. Georgia. Alabama. Louisiana. Amaranthus rudis. Amaranthus palmeri.

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2011 Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Management in Cotton

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  1. 2011 Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Management in Cotton Culpepper, Steckel, York

  2. GR Pigweed in the Mid-south and Southeast Illinois Missouri N Carolina Tennessee Arkansas S Carolina Mississippi Georgia Alabama Louisiana Amaranthus rudis Amaranthus palmeri Steckel 2010

  3. Managing GR Palmer in Cotton (Southeast and MidSouth) • Weed Control Systems • Starting clean • At-plant residuals • Postemergence options • Layby directed and hooded options • Roundup- and Ignite-based program • Building integrated programs Tillage, cover crops, etc

  4. Preplant/PRE herbicides for Palmer amaranth in Roundup Ready Cotton in SE Preplant PRE Valor Direx

  5. Controlling 5 inch Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer amaranth at Burndown. Macon Co., GA 2008.* 94 a 87 b 70 b 58 b 0 c Roundup Firestorm 2 pt Firestorm + 2,4-D (1.5 pt) Firestorm + Clarity (8 oz) Firestorm + Diuron (1.8 pt) *COC included with all Firestorm treatments

  6. Palmer control at planting, burndown applied 17 d earlier. Macon Co., GA 2009. 99 a 90 b Direx preplant Valor preplant

  7. 2 GR Weeds in the Same Field Steckel 2010

  8. Burndown Programs for GR Horseweed/Palmer Programs: Glyphosate + Clarity (1/2 pt)** + residual herbicide Glyphosate + 2,4-D (2 pt)** + residual herbicide SE residual: Direx or Valor MS residual: Valor

  9. Preplant/PRE herbicides for Palmer amaranth in Roundup Ready Cotton in SE Preplant PRE Valor Prowl + diuron + Staple Direx Reflex + Staple Reflex + Cotoran Reflex + diuron Reflex + Prowl Prowl + Cotoran Prowl + diuron *Paraquat included with PRE except conventional till!

  10. Palmer amaranth control by PRE herbicides; 40 days* Valor** Reflex Staple (ALS susceptible) Direx Cotoran Prowl Caparol % control * Average of 5 locations; 2 in GA, 3 in NC. No other herbicides included. ** Applied same time as the PRE herbicides.

  11. GR Weed Management in Cotton Burndown 30 to 21 DBP Near Planting Pre Emergence Dicamba + glyphosate or Gramoxone Inteon +/- Valor Cotoran/Caparol or Reflex on coarse soils Reflex apply 14 DBP and ½” of rain

  12. Controlling GR Palmer amaranth in RR cotton. 2011. SE and MS.

  13. Concept of Overlapping Residuals Critical herbicide concentration

  14. Concept of Overlapping Residuals Critical herbicide concentration

  15. Concept of Overlapping Residuals Critical herbicide concentration

  16. Early topical applications with residual needed before Palmer emerges in RR cotton!! POST 1 = 25 days after PRE POST 1 = 17 days after PRE Prowl + Reflex PRE, Roundup + Dual Magnum POST 1, Roundup + Warrant POST 2, Direx + MSMA layby

  17. Hooded Spray or Layby Rig Gramoxone + diuron + COC (+ Valor) (still have to direct to row) Diuron + MSMA + COC Suprend + MSMA + COC Layby Pro + MSMA + COC

  18. Monsanto’s Roundup Ready Cotton Performance Roundup Ready Flex Cotton (Up to $20) *Will pay on 2 applications

  19. Dryland Conservation Tillage Prowl + Reflex PRE Roundup + Dual POST Diuron + MSMA PD Prowl + Reflex PRE Ignite + Dual POST Diuron + MSMA PD

  20. Palmer response to Ignite WATER VOLUME AND NOZZLE TYPE IS CRITICAL MUST KILL IT WITH THE FIRST APPLICATION

  21. Weed Management in Glufosinate-Tolerant Cotton • Timing is critical!! 3 to 4 inches for consistent • Palmer control. This is not a 4-inch pigweed!

  22. 32 oz/A Gly 4 fb 29 oz/A Ignite on 12” Palmer

  23. Palmer amaranth must be small (3 to 4 inches) if consistently controlled by Ignite 7 days after IGN application 20 days after IGN application Whitaker

  24. Controlling GR Palmer amaranth in LLconventional DRYLAND cotton.

  25. Phytogen Widestrike Cotton • Confers tolerance to Ignite • Tolerance not complete; injury will occur and yield loss can occur if you don’t know what you are doing. • According to EPA, Ignite can be applied to widestrike cotton. • However, grower is liable as neither Bayer, Dow, nor any University recommends or warrant the use of Ignite on Widestrike cotton

  26. Phytogen Widestrike Cotton (treated with Ignite) 2004: 1 plot (researchers playing) 2005: 0.25 acres (research) 2006: 16 acres (research) 2007: <20,000 acres 2008: ~40,000 acres 2009: ~225,000 acres 2010: >750,000 acres

  27. Weed management in LL vs WRF cotton

  28. 375 WideStrike Cotton Tolerance to Multiple Applications of Ignite b a a a Pounds Lint Cotton Culpepper, York and Steckel 2010

  29. 375 WideStrike Cotton Tolerance to Multiple Applications of Ignite Ignite 2 lf, 7 lf, bloom b Ignite 2 lf and 7 lf a No Ignite a Pounds Lint Cotton

  30. 375 WideStrike Cotton Tolerance to Multiple Applications of Ignite Ignite 2 lf, 7 lf, bloom b Ignite 2 lf and 7 lf a No Ignite a Pounds Lint Cotton

  31. Photo 5 d after 2 lf application 2 lf

  32. Photo 5 d after bloom + 2 wk application

  33. Can not survive with herbicides alone any longer

  34. What percent Palmer amaranth control? Staple + Reflex + Direx PRE Roundup WMax + Parrlay POST Direx + MSMA Layby

  35. Developing Integrated Programs

  36. Hand Weeding York 2010 2010: GA: Herbicide input: $90 million 2010: TN: Herbicide input: $35 million

  37. Hand Weeding York 2010 GA: 92% of growers handweeding 53% of the 2010 crop = $16 million TN: growers handweeding 20% of crop = $3 million

  38. TREFLAN/PROWL PRE PPI

  39. Impact of GR Palmer amaranth in Georgia counties with severe infestations.* % acres 5 0 Herbicide Incorp. *Average of Macon, Taylor, Sumpter, Schley, and Dooly counties

  40. Tillage in Cotton During 2010

  41. Most Palmer amaranth emerges from top inch

  42. Number of Palmer Amaranth Plants During Early Season. Macon Co., Georgia 2008.* No Deep Tillage Deep Turn No Herbicide Treatment

  43. GR Palmer amaranth control by tillage and cover crop residue. 2006-2010..* % 50 a 0 b Deep inversion Weeds *No herbicide

  44. Palmer requires a significant amount of sunlight to emerge!!

  45. >90% control in middles

  46. In the rye, control loss was in the strip

  47. Tons of Issues/Challenges • Activating our residual herbicides! • Palmer free at planting! • Ignite resistance management! • PPO resistance management! • ALS (and other) chemistry resistant mgmt!

  48. Comments or Questions? 2002: $20/A 2010: $63/A

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