Cancer and Mutation

1. Cancer and Mutation Clicker Review

2. This prevents uncontrolled cell division • Oncogene • Mutation • Tumor-suppressor gene • Carcinogen

3. A substance that increases the risk of cancer • Oncogene • Mutation • Tumor-suppressor gene • Carcinogen

4. A gene that causes cancer • Oncogene • Mutation • Tumor-suppressor gene • Carcinogen

5. Changes in a cell’s DNA • Oncogene • Mutation • Tumor-suppressor gene • Carcinogen

6. When cells spread beyond their original site • Mitosis • Meiosis • Metastasis • Mutation

7. What are normal genes that control a cell’s growth and differentiation called? • Tumor-suppressing genes • Oncogenes • Proto-oncogenes • Growth factors

8. What type of cancer grows in the bone and muscle tissues? • Sarcoma • Lymphoma • Carcinoma • Carcinogen

9. What type of cancer is lung cancer? • Sarcoma • Lymphoma • Carcinoma • Carcinogen

10. What type of tumor invades and destroys healthy tissues? • Malignant • Mutation • Oncogenes • Benign

11. Mutagens cause a(n) • Malignant • Mutation • Oncogenes • Benign

12. A condition caused by a missing chromosome • Monosomy • Turner’s syndrome • Trisomy • Down’s syndrome • Both 1 and 2 • Both 3 and 4

13. Which of the following is an example of a lethal mutation? • Triploidy • Marfan’s syndrome • Cystic fibrous • Monoploidy • Both 1 and 4 • Both 2 and 3

14. What are 2 proven risk factors that increase the chance a person will develop cancer?Select 2 numbers • Eating peanut butter • Sleeping • Age • Genetics

15. Which chromosome mutation will do the most damage to a zygote? The zygote will continue to develop and live • Translocation • Deletion • Insertion • Monosomy

16. Which of the following is NOT a way a virus can induce cancer? • Activate an oncogene • Mutate a proto-oncogene • Cause exposure to a carcinogen • Mutate a tumor suppressor gene

17. A gamete cell that has an extra chromosome is best explained by… • Replication • Nondisjunction • Gene linkage • Translocation

18. An individual’s chance of developing cancer increase if a cell has an oncogene and • Has a mutation in a tumor suppressor gene • Does not make growth factors • Self-destructs • All of the above

19. Which mutation causes homologous chromosome not to separate properly during meiosis? • Translocation • Inversion • Insertion • Nondisjunction

20. Which mutation causes a change in the single base pain in DNA? • Insertion • Point mutation • Frame shift • Inversion

21. What type of mutation is the picture? • Insertion • Inversion • Deletion • Nondisjunction

22. What type of mutation is the picture? • Frame shift • Translocation • Addition • Deletion

23. What type of mutation is the picture? • Translocation • Deletion • Addition • Inversion

24. Which mutation occurs when part of the chromosome breaks off and inserts itself backwards? • Insertion • Inversions • Translocation • Nondisjunction

25. Which mutation causes part of the chromosome to be left off? • Mutation • Point mutation • Frame shift • Deletion

26. Which mutation is when one chromosome breaks off and is attached to a different chromosome? • Translocation • Inversion • Insertion • Nondisjunction

27. Which mutation occurs when nucleotides are added or deleted that disrupts the codon sequence? • Point mutation • Frame shift mutation • Inversion • Insertion

28. Which mutation is when part of a chromatid breaks off and reattaches to its sister chromatid? • Translocation • Inversion • Insertion • Nondisjunction

29. What is a mistake or change in DNA sequencing or pairing of chromosomes called? • Mutation • Point mutation • Frame shift • Deletion

30. Which of the following is a GENE mutation that does NOT produce a CHROMOSOMAL mutation • Point • Insertion • Nondisjunction • Inversion

31. Which of the following does NOT affect the organism, but can be passed to the offspring? • Somatic cell • Translocation • Germ cell • Substitution

32. What is the sex of the karyotype? • Female • Male

33. Which genetic disorder is shown in the karyotype? • Klinefelter’s • Patau’s • Turner’s • Down’s

34. Which genetic disorder is shown in the karyotype? • Klinefelter’s • Patau’s • Turner’s • Down’s

35. Letter A represents • Normal body cells • Small blood vessels • Metastasized cells • Cancer cells A

36. Letter B represents… • Normal body cells • Small blood vessels • Metastasized cells • Cancer cells B

37. How would you describe this mutation? THE DOG BIT THE CAT THE DOB ITT HEC AT • Frame shift mutation • Deletion • Gene mutation • All of the above • Both 1 and 2

38. If the following picture represents a parent cell, which of the choices demonstrates crossing over? 1. A A b A B C c e E B c 3. 2. A A b B c E

39. If the following picture represents a parent cell, which of the choices demonstrates translocation? 1. A A A C C B B B C 3. 2. A A B C B

40. If the following picture represents a parent cell, which of the choices demonstrates nondisjunction? 1. A A A C C B B B C 3. 2. A A B C B

41. In dominant mutations • At least one allele must be dominant • Both alleles must be dominant • At least one allele must be recessive • Both alleles must be recessive

42. In recessive mutations • At least one allele must be dominant • Both alleles must be dominant • At least one allele must be recessive • Both alleles must be recessive