Nanoscale Power Delivery & PI

1. Nanoscale Power Delivery & PI Raj Nair, Anasim Corp. Aug. 21, 2013 (Updated) • Overview • The Power Integrity (PI) Wall • PI Analysis • Management & Innovation Potential • Publications & Discussion

2. Anasim Confidential Power Integrity & the PI Wall PI degradation with scaling* ~= For constant power density (CPD) or constant power (CP) scaling, where k is the process scaling factor, typically 0.7 Classical CPD/CP scaling → ~70% degradation in PI • 20nm SoC to 16nm FinFET transition • Appears Constant Power and Constant Power Density, higher cost • ~40% PI degradation; with k = 0.8 and the inverse k-root-k metric • 16nm to 10nm • Scale factor 0.625, leads to > 2X (> 100%) degradation in PI!! • We have seen PI-related product failures (FMAX, INRUSH I) in the past and the present. Business as usual NOT an option. * “Power Integrity Analysis and Management for ICs”, Prentice-Hall, May 2010

3. Anasim Confidential PI analysis prior art (Droop, IR Drop) • Lumped and Polygonal Not True-Physical and Spatio-Temporal, eliminates spatial variance and temporal coincidence • Not wideband, and leads to pessimistic, non-optimal chip/pkg/board design. Loses local resonances, constructive/destructive noise interference

4. Anasim Confidential Differential¹ modeling & design • Grids, transmission lines/planes • Abstract, system level, continuous² • No freq/time domain discontinuities ¹ Integrity learning from the SI world and from fundamentals ² “Power Integrity Analysis and Management for ICs”, Prentice-Hall, May 2010

5. Anasim Confidential PI: How do droops REALLY look? Supply differential True-physical power grid noise (π-fp); droops and propagation

6. Anasim Confidential Continuum³ analysis insight True-physical noise wave propagation (rlcsim) ³ “Power Delivery, Integrity Analysis and Management for SoC's”, SoC 2007, FI

7. 1.6E-06 1.4E-06 3 1.2E-06 1 1.0E-06 2 C [f/cm^2) 8.0E-07 6.0E-07 4.0E-07 2.0E-07 0.0E+00 1.5 -2 -1 0 1 2 Vg [V] V A VCC 1 V= 50mV 100 1 1 nS nS PI mngmnt: Fundamental methods ~130nm process • On-die capacitance • Quantity • Type (fixed/variable) • Degradation in deep nanoscale (Q, leak) • Placement and distribution Can a fine-grain distribution of de-coupling capacitors minimize the di/dt problem? Anasim Confidential

8. Anasim Confidential PI management: Power Grid Design • Differential grid architecture • Novel simulation algo. & IP* • What-if analysis in minutes... * “Power Integrity Analysis and Management for ICs”, Prentice-Hall, May 2010

9. Anasim Confidential PI management: Power Grid Sims Anasim Corp., Power Integrity Aware Methodology

10. Anasim Confidential PI Management: Package Cap Loop-L4 • Load-shift induced noise • Transient & DC • Package dependency • Scaling challenge • Exponent of scale factor • Pkg. caps help, but... 4 “Power Delivery, Integrity Analysis and Management for SoC's”, SoC 2007, FI

11. Anasim Confidential PI management: Fast Regulation Sub-50pS response • Simulation (0.18μm) • Idealized parasitics • 4:1 ESL ratio between grids • Capacitance evenly distributed • N-Series-Pass • Inherently stable • Fast response • Charge Valve benefits • ~25% VCC droop reduction in sim • Apparently kicks in within 50pS 65mV droop 88mV droop LVDCAP and HVDCAP were 5pF each in the active configuration and 10pF, 0pF in the inactive mode. Raj Nair, “Distributed charge Valves”, research conducted in late 1999 at Intel Labs, Oregon

12. Anasim Confidential PI mngmnt: Active Noise Regulation* Tested in lumped (b/w) and continuum (π-fp) model simulations *Raj Nair, “Active Noise Regulators”, US Patent 7291896,http://www.anasim.com/active-noise-regulation/

13. Anasim Confidential Distributed Local Voltage Regulation5 • Modular design • Flexible form factor • Distributes power and heat dissipation • Split, distribute lumped regulator components • Switches • Inductors, CAPs • Reducing IL per branch • Increases Bandwidth • LC α (1/f2) • Reducing CAP need • And Efficiency • I2R losses reducedsignificantly (ind.) Transient-suppressing high-BW regulation6 6 Nair, US patent appl. pub. US 2005/0168890 A1, filed Jan. 24, 2004 5 “Power Delivery, Integrity Analysis and Management for SoC's”, SoC 2007, FI

14. Anasim Confidential PI mngmnt. innovation opportunities • Board, package, and chip-level • Regulation, form-factor dependent • Hybrid regulation • Active noise regulation • Distributed voltage regulation • Integration (on-die, on-pkg...) • Tools & Methodology (Architecture, Design, Verification...) References Power Integrity Analysis and Management for Integrated CircuitsRaj Nair & Donald BennettPrentice-Hall, Publication Date: May 17, 2010| ISBN-10: 0137011229 | ISBN-13: 978-0137011223| Edition: 1http://www.amazon.com/Integrity-Analysis-Management-Integrated-Circuits/dp/0137011229/ Power Integrity for Nanoscale Integrated SystemsMasanori Hashimoto & Raj NairMcGraw-Hill, Publication Date: February 26, 2014| ISBN-10: 0071787763 | ISBN-13: 978-0071787765| Edition: 1http://www.amazon.com/Power-Integrity-Nanoscale-Integrated-Systems/dp/0071787763/

15. Anasim Confidential Backup slides

16. Anasim Confidential Lumped simulation model with ANR

17. Anasim Confidential PRESCOTT Pre-ANR

18. Anasim Confidential PRESCOTT Post-ANR