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Feudalism in Europe

Mr. Morris World History. Feudalism in Europe. Key Terms Ch 13.2 pg 358. Lord Fief Vassal Knight Serf Manor Tithe. Invaders Attack Western Europe. From 800 to 1000 invasions destroyed the Carolingian Empire Muslims invaded from the south Magyars from the east Vikings from the north.

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Feudalism in Europe

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  1. Mr. Morris World History Feudalism in Europe

  2. Key Terms Ch 13.2 pg 358 • Lord • Fief • Vassal • Knight • Serf • Manor • Tithe

  3. Invaders Attack Western Europe • From 800 to 1000 invasions destroyed the Carolingian Empire • Muslims invaded from the south • Magyars from the east • Vikings from the north

  4. The Vikings Invade from the North • Vikings were from Scandinavia and worshiped warlike gods • Attacked quickly and went out to sea again before defense could be mounted • Viking warships held up to 300 men with 72 oars; could sail in 3 feet of water • Vikings were also traders, farmers and explorers • Leif Ericson reached North America around 1000 • Found Christianity, stopped killing

  5. Magyars and Muslims Attack from the East and South • Magyars attacked after the Viking threat faded • Great on horseback; didn’t settle conquered land, just took people to sell as slaves • Muslims attacked from the south • Mainly attacked from the sea • These attacks left many people feeling vulnerable; kings couldn’t do anything for most people so they turned to local rulers who had military power

  6. A New Social Order: Feudalism • 911 – Rollo, head of a Viking army, made a deal with Charles the Simple, king of France • Rollo got French territory in the north and swore allegiance to Charles

  7. Feudalism Structures Society • As attacks increased, more people copied the agreement that Rollo and Charles made • Also happened in China and Japan • In exchange for military protection, a landowner would give land to a military leader who would promise to protect • All dependent upon who had control of the land

  8. The Feudal Pyramid • Feudal society resembled a pyramid • King • Nobles and bishops • Knights • Peasants

  9. Social Classes Are Well Defined • In feudal society, status determined the power of a person • People classified into three groups • Those who fought – nobles & knights • Those who prayed – people of the Church • Those who worked – peasants • Social class was usually inherited • Most peasants were serfs – people who could not leave the land they were born on • Not slaves, couldn’t be bought and sold • Labor belonged to the lord (landowner)

  10. Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism • During the Middle Ages, manors were the basic economic arrangement • Based on set of rights and obligations between lords and their serfs • Lord gave serfs houses, farmland, and protection from bandits • Serfs tended lord’s lands, cared for his animals, and kept the estate up • Women worked alongside husbands • Peasants owed lords labor and grain

  11. A Self-Contained World • Peasants rarely left the manor • Manor had the lord’s house, church, and workshops • 15 to 30 families on a manor • Manors surrounded by fields, pastures, and woods • Sometimes had a stream for food and a mill • Nearly everything the lord needed produced on the manor • Outside purchases – salt, iron, unusual objects

  12. The Harshness of Manor Life • Peasants paid a high price for living on the lord’s land • Paid taxes for bread, marriages, and church • Small, cramped cabins with no heat and dirt floors • Spent days in the fields and nights taking care of family • Children were put to work very young • Many didn’t survive to adulthood • Average life span – 35 for peasants

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