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Task B: The Muscular System

Task B: The Muscular System. Vastus Intermedius. Types of Muscle. Skeletal Smooth Cardiac. Skeletal Muscle. Also called Stripy/striated muscle Voluntary – Under Conscious control Over 700 skeletal muscles in the body Attached to bones Is made up of different muscle fibres.

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Task B: The Muscular System

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  1. Task B: The Muscular System
  2. VastusIntermedius
  3. Types of Muscle Skeletal Smooth Cardiac
  4. Skeletal Muscle Also called Stripy/striated muscle Voluntary – Under Conscious control Over 700 skeletal muscles in the body Attached to bones Is made up of different muscle fibres
  5. Smooth Muscle Involuntary – Works without thought Found in the walls of hollow internal structures such as blood vessels, the stomach, intestines, urinary bladder A smooth muscle is non-striated (smooth) Peristaltic Action – Contract consecutively, one after the other
  6. Cardiac Muscle Found in the walls of the heart Its contraction is involuntary (not under conscious control) Pumps blood around the body, without getting tired It is striated (has light and dark bands)
  7. Muscle Function Muscles cross joints that they move Pulling force from muscles causes movement Muscle Tone – State of readiness to work Strength of contraction – Depends on the number of fibres that have been recruited
  8. Function of the Muscular System Antagonistic Muscle Pairs Muscles work together in groups to create movement Muscles can function as the following: Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist, Fixator.
  9. Agonist Shortens to move a joint Also called the PRIME MOVER
  10. Antagonist Relaxes when the agonist muscle is working Has a BRAKING effect
  11. Synergist / Fixator Synergist = Muscles that help the agonist muscle Fixator = Stop unwanted movement Stabilise the movement
  12. Types of Muscle Contraction Isometric Concentric Eccentric Isokinetic
  13. Isometric Muscle tenses Stays the same length Joint angle stays the same E.G. Holding a Press-up
  14. Concentric Muscle shortens under tension Origin and Insertion move closer together
  15. Eccentric Muscle lengthens under tension Origin and Insertion move further apart E.G. Bicep Curl – Lowering Phase
  16. Isokinetic Muscle contracts at a CONSTANT SPEED Need specialised equipment that controls the muscle action
  17. Muscle Fibre Types There are three types of muscle fibre: Type 1 Type 2a Type 2b
  18. Type 1 Slow Twitch Fibres Contract slowly Lots of blood vessels Low Force Fatigue resistant Low Intensity, Long duration activities
  19. Type 2a Fast Oxidative Glycolytic Fibres Type of Fast Twitch Fibres Fast Contractions Produce Force Resistant to Fatigue E.G. Middle Distance Runners
  20. Type 2b Fast Glycolytic Fibres Type of Fast Twitch Fibres Fast Contractions Lots of Force Fatigue quickly Anaerobic Activities E.G. 100M
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