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Interwar Neutrality

Interwar Neutrality. Isolationism: To stay away from political & economic entanglements Neutrality: Avoid taking sides. Isolationism v. Neutrality. Write this down on your handout In this box…. Failure of Peace: Munich Conference (1938). Appeasement.

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Interwar Neutrality

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  1. Interwar Neutrality

  2. Isolationism: To stay away from political & economic entanglements Neutrality: Avoid taking sides Isolationism v. Neutrality Write this down on your handout In this box…

  3. Failure of Peace: Munich Conference (1938)

  4. Appeasement • To give into demands of rival power to avoid conflict Write this down on your handout In this box…

  5. Neutrality Acts (1935-1939) In Europe… In the USA… • 1938-39 • Germany takes Austria & Poland • Italy invades Albania Neutrality Act of 1939 “Cash and Carry” • 1937 • Hitler & Mus. aid Franco in Civil War • Japan invades China Neutrality Act of 1937 Neutrality Acts apply to Civil Wars FDR delivers “Quarantine Speech” • 1936 • Germany gets Rhineland Neutrality Act of 1936 No loans belligerent countries US citizens can’t travel on ships from these countries • 1935 • Italy invades Ethiopia Neutrality Act of 1935 Can’t sell or transport arms to countries at war

  6. Neutrality Acts • For nations at war: • No sale or shipment of arms • No loans on • No traveling of US citizens on their ships Write this down on your handout In this box…

  7. “Cash and Carry” • US allows sale of goods to warring nations IF • They pay in cash • They ship them with their own ships Write this down on your handout In this box…

  8. Destroyers-for-bases Agreement (1940) • US agreed to give 50 destroyers to Britain • Britain gives US rights to build bases

  9. Fate of the 50 Destroyers • Britain gives some destroyers to: • Netherlands • Norway • Canada • Soviet Union

  10. *Plus one base in Newfoundland, Northern Canada

  11. Lend-Lease Act (March, 1941) • US supplies war material to Britain, Soviet Union, China and France. • They don’t have to pay the US until after the war. Soviets receive shipment of American tanks. 1941-1942, US tanks accounted for 15% of Soviet tanks.

  12. US spent a total of $50 billion ($700 billion at 2007 prices) worth of supplies in Lend Lease programs

  13. Lend-Lease Deliveries to USSR • Aircraft 14,795 • Tanks 7,056 • Jeeps 51,503 • Trucks 375,883 • Motorcycles 35,170 • Machine guns 131,633 • Building equipment valued $10,910,000 • Locomotives 1,981 • Food supplies 4,478,000 tons • Machines and equipment $1,078,965,000 • Army boots 15,417,001 pairs

  14. “Arsenal of Democracy” (1941) • In a fireside chat, FDR introduced the Lend-lease Acts • He called Detroit, Michigan an “arsenal of democracy” *Arsenal – a weapons manufacturer

  15. FDR’s Four Freedoms Speech(Jan, 1941) • FDR proposed that “everyone in the world” ought to enjoy: • Freedom of speech and expression • Freedom of Religion • Freedom from want • Freedom from fear *Compare this to what Hitler, Mussolini and Hirohito are saying!

  16. Norman Rockwell’s Paintings of the Four Freedoms • Inspired by FDR • Published in 1943, The Saturday Evening Post • US Department of Treasury toured the series to raise war bonds • Raised over $130 million in War Bonds

  17. The Atlantic Charter(August, 1941) • FDR & Churchill met on a ship to discuss post WWII aims • Some goals were…

  18. Agreed Upon Points of Atlantic Charter • No territorial gains • All peoples had a right to self-determination • Trade barriers were to be lowered • Freedom from want and fear • Disarmament of aggressor nations

  19. Rosie the Riveter

  20. m

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