1 / 13

Brief History of Russia

Brief History of Russia. From Early Days to the Post-Soviet Era. FOUR ERAS OF RUSSIA. Ancient (pre-1688): Kievan Rus and Mongol Invasions Imperialism (1688-1917): Romanov Tsars come to power and industrialize Russia.

tiara
Download Presentation

Brief History of Russia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Brief History of Russia From Early Days to the Post-Soviet Era

  2. FOUR ERAS OF RUSSIA • Ancient (pre-1688): Kievan Rus and Mongol Invasions • Imperialism (1688-1917): Romanov Tsars come to power and industrialize Russia. • Soviet Era (1917-1991): Bolsheviks overthrow Tsars; Communist Party comes to power. • Post-Soviet (1991- present): Introduction of democracy and capitalism.

  3. Ancient Russia • Kievan Rus unites the region around the 5th century until the 13th century. During this time, the region adopts Eastern Orthodoxy and aligns with Constantinople. • Mongol invaders- 13th century to 15th century- force Russian princes to pay tribute. • 1400’s and 1500’s, Russian rulers increased their power. • Ivan The Terrible was officially crowned the first Tsar of Russia in 1547. • 1600’s was the start of the Romanov dynasty.

  4. Imperialism and Westernization1688-1917 • Peter the Great (1689-1725) • Catherine The Great (1762-1796) • Napoleon Invasion-1812 • Russia is defeated in the Russo-Japanese War-1905 • Entrance into World War I in 1914; Russia pulls out early because of domestic unrest. • Russian Revolution-1917; Overthrow of Czar Nicholas II; Birth of the Communist Party; end of western influence in the Soviet Union until the end of the Cold War.

  5. Soviet Era (1917-1991) • Rise of the Soviet Union • REVOLUTION (1905-1917) • Bolsheviks vs. Mensheviks vs. The Romanovs • V.I. LENIN (VLADIMIR ILYICH ULYANOV) • FEDERAL STRUCTURE • USSR (UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS) -1924

  6. Implemented the Command Economy • AN ECONOMY IN WHICH THE MEANS OF PRODUCTION ARE OWNED AND CONTROLLED BY THE STATE AND IN WHICH CENTRAL PLANNING OF THE STRUCTURE AND THE OUTPUT PREVAILS.

  7. SOVIET LEADERS • TSARISM (<1917) • LENIN • STALIN • KRUSCHEV • BRESHNEV • GORBACHEV

  8. SOVIET LEADERS LENIN (1918 - 1927) • INTRODUCED MARXIST PHILOSOPHY • REPLACED PRIVATE WITH PUBLIC OWNERSHIP • DEVELOPED NATIONAL ECONOMIC PLANS • ESTABLISHED SOVIET POLITICAL STRUCTURE BASED ON ETHNIC IDENTITIES

  9. SOVIET LEADERS STALIN (1927 - 1953) • ALL ASSETS NATIONALIZED • CREATION OF HUGE CENTRALIZED STATE MACHINE OVER ALL ASPECTS OF SOVIET LIFE • PURGES OF DISSIDENTS (30-60 MILLION) • COLLECTIVIZED FARMING (SOVKHOZ) • CONCENTRATION ON HEAVY INDUSTRY AT EXPENSE OF AGRICULTURE

  10. Stalin and WWII 1950-1991 – Cold War • 1939 – Soviets sign secret pact with Nazi’s, gaining semi-possession of Poland • 1940 – Soviets invade Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania • 1945 – Captured Berlin, and kept Eastern half of Germany until 1989

  11. SOVIET LEADERS GORBACHEV (1985 - 1991) • INITIATED ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL REFORM • PERESTROIKA • RESTRUCTURING • ECONOMIC AIM: TO CATCH UP WITH WESTERN ECONOMIES • POLITICAL AIM: REFORM OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY • He was followed by Boris Yeltsin

  12. COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET UNION(CONDITIONS IN 1990 & 1991) • A SHARP DECLINE IN AGRICULTURAL & INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION • ECONOMIC OUTPUT DOWN BY 4% IN 1990 & 10-15% IN FIRST HALF OF 1991 • INTENSIFICATION OF NATIONALISM& SEPARATISM

  13. Post-Soviet Era • End of the Cold War had left Russia in heavy debt • Westernization of Russia • Introduction of Capitalism and Market Economy • Introduction of outside cultural influences (fast food restaurants) • Ongoing issues with Chechnya

More Related