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CHAPTER 1 Laws and Their Ethical Foundation

CHAPTER 1 Laws and Their Ethical Foundation. 1-1 Laws and Legal Systems 1-2 Types of Laws 1-3 Ethical Bases for Laws. 1-1 Laws and Legal Systems. GOALS Explain the stages in the growth of law Describe the differences between common law and positive law

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CHAPTER 1 Laws and Their Ethical Foundation

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  1. CHAPTER 1Laws and TheirEthical Foundation 1-1 Laws and Legal Systems 1-2 Types of Laws 1-3 Ethical Bases for Laws

  2. 1-1 Laws and Legal Systems • GOALS • Explain the stages in the growth of law • Describe the differences between common law and positive law • Identify the origin of the U.S. legal system Chapter 1

  3. WHAT IS LAW? • Stages in the growth of law • Common law versus positive law Chapter 1

  4. CHECKPOINT    • How does common law differ from positive law? Chapter 1

  5. WHAT IS THE ORIGIN OF THE U.S. LEGAL SYSTEM? • English common law • King’s Bench • Jury • An example • Advantages of English common law • Equity: An alternative to common law Chapter 1

  6. CHECKPOINT    • On which early legal system is the U.S. legal system based? Chapter 1

  7. 1-2 Types of Laws • GOALS • Identify the four sources of law • Discuss how conflicts between laws are resolved • Compare and contrast criminal and civil law, and substantive and procedural law Chapter 1

  8. WHAT ARE THE SOURCES OF LAW? • Constitutions • Statutes • Ordinances • Case law • Administrative law Chapter 1

  9. CHECKPOINT    • What are the five sources of law? Chapter 1

  10. WHAT HAPPENS WHEN LAWS CONFLICT? • Constitutions and validity • Statutes and validity • Administrative regulations and validity • Case law and validity Chapter 1

  11. CHECKPOINT    • Which source of law in the United States is the highest authority? Chapter 1

  12. WHAT ARE THE MAIN TYPES OF LAWS? • Civil and criminal laws • Procedural and substantive laws • Business law • Uniform business laws Chapter 1

  13. CHECKPOINT    • Compare and contrast criminal and civil law and substantive and procedural law. Chapter 1

  14. TYPES OF LAW Chapter 1

  15. 1-3 Ethical Bases for Laws • GOALS • Define ethics • Compare and contrast consequences-based ethics with rule-based ethics • Discuss ways in which ethics are reflected in laws Chapter 1

  16. ETHICS AND THE LAW • Basic forms of ethical reasoning • Consequences-based ethical reasoning • Rule-based ethical reasoning • Ethics reflected in laws Chapter 1

  17. CHECKPOINT    • In the U.S. system of democracy, how are ethics reflected in laws? Chapter 1

  18. PREVENTLEGALDIFFICULTIES • As a citizen . . . • When moving to a new location, find out how the laws in that county or city may affect you. • Before beginning a new business, consult an attorney to learn about city, county, state, and federal laws and how they may affect you. • Study business law so you can become an informed citizen who is knowledgeable about legal matters. Continued on the next slide Chapter 1

  19. PREVENTLEGALDIFFICULTIES • Recognize that fulfilling your duties as a citizen is the greatest guarantee of your maintaining your individual rights and liberties. These duties include: • The duty to obey the law. • The duty to respect the rights of others. • The duty to inform yourself on political issues. • The duty to vote in elections. • The duty to serve on juries if called. • The duty to serve and defend your country. • The duty to assist agencies of law enforcement. Chapter 1

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