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Alopecia

. X. Alopecia. None Scaring (Reversible). Scaring (Irreversible). Alajlan/Alopecia. Introduction & definition. Alopecia = HAIR LOSS Basic hair anatomy and Physiology Hair growth is very dynamic Vellus and Terminal hair. Introduction & definition. Alopecia = HAIR LOSS

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Alopecia

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  1. . X Alopecia None Scaring (Reversible) Scaring (Irreversible) Alajlan/Alopecia

  2. Introduction & definition • Alopecia = HAIR LOSS • Basic hair anatomy and Physiology • Hair growth is very dynamic • Vellus and Terminal hair

  3. Introduction & definition • Alopecia = HAIR LOSS • Basic hair anatomy and Physiology • Hair growth is very dynamic • Vellus and Terminal hair • How many hairs in the body? 5 millions hairs; 100,000 in the scalp • Growth rate? 0.3mm/day for scalp hair

  4. Androgenetic Alopecia (Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss)

  5. Male Pattern Hair Loss

  6. Female Pattern Hair Loss

  7. Androgenetic Alopecia • Androgenetic Alopecia affects up to 50% of males and 40% of females • Autosomal dominant with variable penetrance • 85% : +ve family history • Role of androgens in the pathogenesis:

  8. Systemic Treatment 5 ALPHA Reductase X Fenastride Testosterone DihydorTestosterone (Active) Miniaturization of Terminal Hairs

  9. Topical Treatment Minoxidil 2% and 5% Solution (uncertain mechanism)

  10. Alopecia Areata

  11. Alopecia Areata • Alopecia Areata affects up to 2% • 30%: +ve Family history • 75% : Self recovery • Role of immune system in the pathogenesis • Types of alopecia areata: - localized partial - localized extensive - alopecia totalis - alopecia universalis

  12. Treatment • …

  13. Treatment 2. Intralesional Corticosteroids

  14. Skin Sensitizers • (Immune modulating Rx) • Diphencyclopropenone (DPCP) • Anthraline • others

  15. Other Rx • Topical steroids • Systemic Steroids • Cytotoxic Rx • Phototherapy • Minoxidil • Hair Transplant X

  16. Anagen effluvium Telogen effluvium

  17. Anagen effluvium • Always related cytotoxic chemotherapy • Acute and severe alopecia • Mostly reversible but not always

  18. Telogen effluviumChronic alopecia Anemia with chronic disease • Common and None specific • Additional cause: • drugs • Weight loss • Acute blood loss • General anasthesia • Low iron • Others • Reversible (but may be become chronic) • Could it be preventable?

  19. Vitiligo Alajlan/Vitiligo

  20. Vitiligo • Introduction to skin pigments Alajlan/Vitiligo

  21. Vitiligo • Introduction to skin pigments • Definition • Types: localized and generalized • Pathogenesis • Other associated diseases • Natural course • Treatment Alajlan/Vitiligo

  22. Treatment • No single effective Rx • Topicals: .Corticosteroids .Immunomodulators • Light Therapy: 1. UVA or UVB 2. UVA + Psoralen = PUVA (Topical and Systemic) 3. UVB = Laser • Systemic Treatment: NOT USED • Surgical Rx: .Melanocyte Transplant .Skin Grafts Transplant • Bleaching Agents: Depigment all skin Alajlan/Vitiligo

  23. Treatment Pearls • Tips of fingers and toes • Lips • Bony prominence • Recurrence • Rarely 100% repigmentation for large area • Adverse effect of Rx Alajlan/Vitiligo

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