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Without hope…. Modernisation. One theory…. A Mr Butcher Presentation Picture Show…. In a world without order…. Chose to be different…. And one man…. It’s developing time!. Without more order…. Introduction. Began in the 1950s and 60s. Came largely from Functionalism. -ish.
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Without hope… Modernisation One theory… A Mr Butcher Presentation Picture Show… In a world without order… Chose to be different… And one man… It’s developing time! Without more order…
Introduction Began in the 1950s and 60s Came largely from Functionalism -ish • Modernisation • Theory Divides societies into “traditional” and “modern” Leys (1996) - First development theories based solely on economic factors. Criticized them for ignoring cultural and political factors WOO This was acknowledged and Modernisation theory was developed
Classical Modernisation Theory Based on gradual evolution – “one” path of development that all countries must follow USA seen as the pinnacle of development – prosperous and politically stable Under-developed societies / countries are lacking in something? *CLUCK*
W.W Rostow (1960) Anti-communist Advisor Supporter Writer Medal winner Unpopular “The developing decade” “Let’s get this country moving again!”
The Rostovian Take-off Model Based on an analysis of the British Industrial Revolution Spoke of a number of stages to development that all countries must follow • High levels of investment and political reform during the process
Stage 1 - Traditional Agricultural society Ascribed status Low levels of science and technology Believe more in religion than science
Stage 2 – Preconditions for take-off Transition period Increase in trade, industry and communication Start to move away from subsistent society Modernising elite forms
Stage 3 – Take-off Similar to industrialisation Investment grows to 10% of national income Rapid growth of manufacturing Social and political reforms conducive to economic growth Move towards democracy Achieved status
Stage 4 – Drive to maturity Continuation of industrialisation Investment growth continues Social and political reforms continue the growth More investment in new technology Whole society becomes geared around economic prosperity and technical development
Stage 5 – Age of high mass consumption Modern society as we see it Economic production at a constantly high level Social and political choices can be made about society Consumption is at an all-time high Increase in the service sector Continuation of industrialisation Former USSR USA Western Europe
Internal Factors Social and cultural factors determine whether development occurs or not Enterprise Technology Removal of traditional cultural practices Investment
Does it work? Fiji Ghana Kenya What about you?
What’s wrong with it? Kiely (2003) - Assumes the process is unproblematic Too idealistic Modernity is not perfect Rostow is ethnocentric in his judgement of development Ignores advantages developed countries had while developing
Fin Conclusion ? (Mostly)
