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CHEMICAL EQUATIONS

CHEMICAL EQUATIONS. PRACTICE: BALANCING FOR CONSERVATION OF MASS TYPES OF REACTIONS. A Three Step Approach. First a word equation is written to summarize the reaction in words. hydrogen + oxygen water

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CHEMICAL EQUATIONS

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  1. CHEMICAL EQUATIONS PRACTICE: • BALANCING FOR CONSERVATION OF MASS • TYPES OF REACTIONS

  2. A Three Step Approach • First a word equation is written to summarize the reaction in words. hydrogen + oxygen water The above is read as: Hydrogen gas molecules react with oxygen gas molecules to produce water molecules • Then a skeleton equation is written with all the correct formulas for the substances. H2(g) + O2 (g)H2O(l) • Then the equation is balanced for conservation of mass. (Large multipliers are placed in front of substances to balance the equation) • 2H2 + O2 2H2O

  3. PRACTICE-1 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • silver nitrate reacts with copper to produce copper(I) . . . TYPEsingle replacement Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation silver nitrate + copper copper(I) nitrate + silver Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) AgNO3 + Cu Cu NO3 + Ag Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 1 AgNO3 + 1 Cu 1 Cu NO3 + 1 Ag

  4. PRACTICE-2 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • magnesium metal reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce TYPEsingle replacement Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation magnesium metal + hydrochloric acid )magnesium chloride + hydrogen gas Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) Mg (s) + HCl(aq) MgCl2 +H2(g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 1Mg (s)+ 2HCl(aq)1 MgCl2 + 1 H2(g)

  5. PRACTICE-3 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • iron metal reacts with oxygen to produce Iron (lll) . . . TYPEsimple addition Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation iron metal + oxygen gasIron (lll) oxide Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) Fe (s) + O2(g) Fe2O3(s) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 4Fe (s)+ 3 O2(g)2 Fe2O3(s)

  6. PRACTICE-4 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • mercury reacts with oxygen to produce mercury (l) . . . TYPEsimple addition Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation mercury metal + oxygen gasmercury (l) oxide Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) Hg(s) + O2(g) Hg2O(s) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 4Hg (s)+ 1 O2(g)2 Hg2O(s)

  7. PRACTICE-5 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • silver nitrate reacts reacts with magnesium chloride to produce . . . TYPEdouble replacement Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation silver nitrate + magnesium chloride magnesium nitrate + silver chloride Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) AgNO3(aq)+ MgCl2(aq) Mg(NO3)2(aq)+ AgCl(s) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 2AgNO3(aq)+ 1MgCl2(aq)1Mg(NO3)2(aq)+ 2AgCl(s)

  8. PRACTICE-6 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • potassium chlorate when heated produces . . . TYPEdecomposition Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation potassium chlorate potassium chloride + oxygen Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) KClO3(aq KCl (s)+ O2(g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 2KClO3(aq2KCl (s)+ 3O2

  9. PRACTICE-7 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • calcium carbonate when heated produces . . . TYPEdecomposition Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) CaCO3(s) CaO (s)+ CO2(g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 1CaCO3(s)1 CaO (s)+ 1CO2(g)

  10. PRACTICE-8 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • Copper(1)nitrate reacts with mercury(ll) chloride to produce . . . TYPEdouble replacement Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation copper(l) nitrate + mercury(l1) chloride mercury(1l) nitrate + copper(1) chloride Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) 2CuNO3(aq)+ 1HgCl2(aq)1Hg(NO3)2(aq)+ 2CuCl(s) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 2CuNO3(aq)+ 1HgCl2(aq)1Hg(NO3)2(aq)+ 2CuCl(s)

  11. PRACTICE-9 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • methane “CH4(g)” reacts with oxygen to produce . . . TYPEhydrocarbon combustion Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation methane gas + oxygen gascarbon dioxide + water Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) CH4(g)+ O2(g) CO2(g)+ H2O(g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 1CH4(g)+ 2O2(g)1CO2(g)+ 2H2O(g)

  12. PRACTICE-10 • The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. • The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? • butane C4H10(g) reacts with oxygen to produce . . . TYPEhydrocarbon combustion Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation butane gas + oxygen gascarbon dioxide + water Step 2: Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) C4H10(g)+ O2(g) CO2(g)+ H2O(g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 2 [1C4H10(g) + 13/2O2(g)4CO2(g)+ 5H2O(g)] 2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g)8CO2(g)+ 10H2O(g)]

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