How Should the Government be Run?

1. How Should the Government be Run? The 1st Political Parties of the United States

2. George Washington Said . . . “The common and continual mischiefs of the spirit of party are sufficient to make it the interest of a wise people to discourage and restrain it.  It serves always to distract the public counsels and enfeeble the public administration.  It agitates the community with ill founded jealousies and false alarms; kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasional riot and insurrection.  It opens the door to foreign influence and corruption . . .” Farewell Address 1800

3. Entering the Ring Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson Washington’s Secretary of State • Washington’s Secretary of the Treasury Democratic- Republican Federalist

4. Federal or State Federalists Democratic-Republicans This party supported stronger state governments that had more control over money and laws for the benefit of their own states and people Jefferson, Madison, and Burr were leading Dem.-Republicans • So named because they supported a stronger National government rather that strong state governments. They believed the national government should make more laws governing the states and the people as well as using tax money to invest in a stronger country • Washington, Adams, and Hamilton are the leading Federalists

5. France or England Federalists Democratic-Republicans France The supported America during their revolution and were now facing the same problems the Colonists had been up against with England • England • The French Revolution was getting too bloody and the mobs were getting out of control • America shares more kindred ties with people in England as well as a common cultural bond

6. The Bank The Federalists The Democratic-Republicans Dem-Reps favored a strict interpretation of the Constitution—meaning the government could only do what the Constitution said it could do and no more Critics of T. Jefferson said the Louisiana Purchase would never had been made if he truly held to that philosophy • This issue mainly revolved around the interpretation of the Constitution • Federalists favored a loose interpretation of the Constitution meaning they could implement laws that were necessary and proper for the running of the country

7. The Economy Federalists Democratic-Republicans Lower taxes, no tariffs No National Bank that would advantage wealthy individuals No assumption of state debt • Assume all states’ war debt • National Bank to give loans to merchants to stimulate business and industry • Taxes on imported goods to encourage people to buyAmerican

8. The People Federalists Democratic-Republicans

9. Taxes Whiskey Excise Tax Protective Tariff This was a tax on imported goods that the Federalists supported in order to boost American industries Dem-Reps were against taxation on principle but this tax mainly hurt the small farmers of the West and South and enhanced the New England merchants and bankers • Federalists said it would curb alcoholism and they needed the tax base--Supported • Small farmers tended to be the backbone of the Dem-Reps. So they were against this tax

10. And the Winner is . . . Thomas Jefferson wins two terms of office followed by his fellow Democratic-Republicans, James Madison for two terms and then James Monroe for two terms. The Democratic-Republican party shapes America for 24 years until John Quincy Adams becomes president. He served for only one term and is pestered by a political scandal in which Andrew Jackson won the popular vote but Adams won the electoral college.