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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. Gender and Sexuality. Gender Identity & Sexual Orientation. Gender Versus Sex? Transgendered and intersexual Homosexuality Social-Scientific Perspectives Who Becomes Gay or Lesbian? Lesbianism The Gay Subculture. Gender Identity & Sexual Orientation. Alfred Kinsey’s research

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8 Gender and Sexuality

  2. Gender Identity & Sexual Orientation • Gender Versus Sex? • Transgendered and intersexual • Homosexuality • Social-Scientific Perspectives • Who Becomes Gay or Lesbian? • Lesbianism • The Gay Subculture

  3. Gender Identity & Sexual Orientation • Alfred Kinsey’s research • Sexual feelings and behaviors towards the same sex not abnormal • Cannot be distinguished from non in psychologically • Thomas Szasz -Psychiatrists replaced the church in labeling homosexuality an illness

  4. Traditional Sex Roles • Hierarchy on how men & women have been viewed and treated • Has been resistant to change in society • Function of culture and socialization • Male and female differences are largely learned through socialization

  5. Sexism and Gender Inequality • Power and Male Hegemony • Stereotyping • Sexism and Employment • Unequal Pay for Equal Work • For Minority Women, Even Wider Wage Gap • Sexual Harassment • Homemaking

  6. Table 8-1: Median Weekly Earnings, Employment Characteristics: 2007

  7. Sources of Sexism Socialization Education The Family Language and the Media Organized Religion Government The Legal System

  8. Figure 8-1: Median Weekly $1,800Earnings of Women and Men

  9. Figure 8-2 & 3: Sexual Experiences with the Same Sex; Number ofPartners in Last 12 Months

  10. Figure 8-4 & 5: National Legislative Seats Held by Women; Wage Gap

  11. Table 8-3: The Gender Wage Gap in Selected Occupations

  12. Table 8-3: The Gender Wage Gap in Selected Occupations

  13. Figure 8-6 & 7: Graduate Enrollment; First Professional Degrees

  14. Sources of Homophobia • Changes in Child-Rearing Practices • Changes in the Educational System • Changes in the Legal System • Comparable worth

  15. Sources of Homophobia Reproductive Control Changes in Men’s Roles Gay Rights Future Prospects

  16. Sources of Homophobia • Homophobia -fear & dislike of anything associated with homosexuality • Homophobia is associated with • Male gender identity • Distorted notions of masculinity • Increase in tolerance toward homosexuals

  17. Sources of Homophobia • In coming years, the women’s movement is likely to focus on single-parent families • Within this group, the special needs of low-income, female-headed families • Another area in which policy changes are likely to continue is same-sex marriage

  18. Table 8-4: Attitudes in Openly Gay Individuals to Serve in the Military

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