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Chapter 1: Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

Chapter 1: Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life. What are Themes?. General principles or ideas that occur over and over. “Themes” are not a test item, but they are a framework to organize the study of Biology. AP Biology Themes. 1. Science as a process 2. Evolution 3. Energy Transfer

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Chapter 1: Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

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  1. Chapter 1:Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

  2. What are Themes? • General principles or ideas that occur over and over. • “Themes” are not a test item, but they are a framework to organize the study of Biology.

  3. AP Biology Themes 1. Science as a process 2. Evolution 3. Energy Transfer 4. Continuity and Change

  4. AP Biology Themes 5. Relationship of Structure & Function 6. Regulation

  5. AP Biology Themes 7. Interdependence in Nature 8. Science, Technology and Society

  6. Themes in the Study of Life 1. The living world is a hierarchy. 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function. 3. The continuity of life is based on DNA.

  7. Themes in the Study of Life 4. Structure and function are correlated. 5. Organisms are “open” systems. 6. Regulatory mechanisms maintain balance.

  8. Question • How do we know what is alive and what is not? • What are the properties of Life?

  9. 1. Order • Living things are highly organized in structure and function.

  10. Analyzing a biological structure gives us clues about what it does and how it works

  11. Structure and Function are related at all levels system organism

  12. 2. Reproduction • Organisms reproduce their own kind.

  13. Life on Earth uses the nucleic acid and code for Heritable Information.

  14. 3. Growth & Development • Organisms increase in size and complexity.

  15. Growth - increase in size. Development - increase in complexity. • Life - grows by internal changes.

  16. 4. Energy Utilization • Organisms take in energy and transform it to do work.

  17. Organisms are “open” systems, they must continually take in energy.

  18. 5. Response To Environment • Organisms respond to changes or stimuli in their environment.

  19. The speed of the response may be “fast” or “slow”.

  20. 6. Homeostasis • Organisms maintain their internal environment within tolerable limits. • “homeo” = same • “stasis” = state

  21. 7. Evolutionary Adaptation • Organisms change over time as they adapt to their environment.

  22. Populations must adapt, move, or die!

  23. 8. The Cell Is the “basic unit” of Life

  24. 9. Organisms Die

  25. Science is: • A process. • A way of “knowing”.

  26. Science is based on: • Observations • Experiments • Deductive Reasoning

  27. Observations: • Are the “keystone” to Science. • If it can’t be “observed”, it can’t be studied by the Scientific Method. • Can be made through your senses or through the use of tools.

  28. Scientific Method: • Outlines a series of steps for answering questions. • Obtains “evidence” through the use of experiments.

  29. Scientific Method Steps 1. Identify the problem. 2. What is already known? 3. Formulate a hypothesis. 4. Conduct an experiment.

  30. Scientific Method Steps 5. Collect data. 6.Compare data to hypothesis. 7. Conclusions and new hypothesis.

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