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Chapter 20 Introduction to Systems Development & Analysis

Chapter 20 Introduction to Systems Development & Analysis. System Analysis. System Design. The System’s life Cycle :. System control & evaluation. System Implementation. System processing. SDLC Steps. System Analysis Information about system needs, costs, and so on are gathered.

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Chapter 20 Introduction to Systems Development & Analysis

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  1. Chapter 20Introduction to Systems Development & Analysis Dr.Mohamed Mousa

  2. System Analysis System Design • The System’s life Cycle : System control & evaluation System Implementation System processing Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  3. SDLC Steps • System Analysis • Information about system needs, costs, and so on are gathered. • System Design • Gather system/user requirements. • Concepts are translated into detailed specifications. • Implementation • New hardware and software are installed and tested. • Employees are hired and trained or existing employees relocated. • Processing procedures are tested and modified. • Standards and controls for the new system are established and system documentation completed. • Control & evaluation • New system is periodically reviewed. • Modifications are made as problems arise or as new needs become evident Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  4. Systems Analysis Activities Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  5. Elements of system analysis: The stage of system analysis focuses on two elements: 1- Strengths: Determining the strengths and how to we can improve them in the future. 2- Weaknesses: Determining the weaknesses and how to overcome them. Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  6. Planning SDLC • Project Development Plan • Cost/benefit analysis • Developmental and operational requirements (people, hardware, software, and financial) • Schedule of the activities required to develop and operate the new application • Master Plan • What the system will consist of • How it will be developed • Who will develop it • How needed resources will be acquired • Where the AIS is headed Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  7. Feasibility Analysis • Does it make sense to proceed with new system? • Economic: • Will system benefits justify the time, money, and resources required to implement it? • Technical: • Can the system be developed and implemented using existing technology? • Legal: • Does the system comply with all applicable federal and state laws, administrative agency regulations, and contractual obligations? • Scheduling • Can the system be developed and implemented in the time allotted? • Operational • Does the organization have access to people who can design, implement, and operate the proposed system? Will people use the system? Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  8. System Failure Due to Change • The best system will fail without the support of the people it serves. • Why people resist change: • Fear • Lack of top management support • Lack of communication • Disruptive nature of change • Methods of instituting change • Biases and emotions • Personal characteristics and background Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  9. Types of Resistance • Aggression • Behavior that destroys, cripples, or weakens system effectiveness, such as increased error rates, disruptions, or deliberate sabotage. • Projection • Blaming the new system for everything that goes wrong • Avoidance • Ignoring a new AIS in the hope that the problem (the system) will eventually go away Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  10. Preventing Resistance • Obtain management support • Meet user needs • Involve users • Stress new opportunities • Avoid being too emotional • Provide user training • Reexamine performance evaluation to make sure they are aligned with new system • Keep communication lines open • Control users expectations Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  11. System Analysis Report Structure of the System Analysis Report:In the light of the main parts of the report, the Systems Analysis Report has the following main elements:1- Title page:• represents the starting point of the report and should include the following data: The name of the group that analyzed the system and prepared the report Name of the submitting entity Title of the report Reporting period The date of the report And other data that may be necessary to appear on the title page. Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  12. 2. Report Index:A page that follows the title page that displays the contents of the report as arranged in the report. 3- Introduction:It represent a summary of the report: System analysis objectives System analysis results Recommendations of the system analysis work team. 4. Results of system analysis: • The entity’s background. • The entity’s organizational structure. • System objectives • System specifications • flowcharts Dr . Mohamed Mousa

  13. 5 - strengths and weaknesses in the system:• The most important deficiencies of a system are concentrated in one or more of the following:- Lack of effective internal control- The lack of clarity of authority and responsibility- Lack of effective communication channels- Increase the cost and effort of the system- Lack of availability or lack of appropriate information when making a decision. 6.Recommendations and conclusion: It represents the final part of the system analysis report. In this section, system analysts mention their recommendations, which they deem appropriate to eliminate the problems and difficulties facing the current system by completing the analysis of the system. Dr . Mohamed Mousa

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